Natural experiments and long-term monitoring are critical to understand and predict marine host-microbe ecology and evolution.,PLOS Biology

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Natural experiments and long-term monitoring are critical to understand and predict marine host-microbe ecology and evolution.
PLOS Biology ( IF 7.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-19 , DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001322
Matthieu Leray ₁ , Laetitia G E Wilkins ₂ , Amy Apprill ₃ , Holly M Bik ₄ , Friederike Clever _{1,

5} , Sean R Connolly ₁ , Marina E De León _{1,

2} , J Emmett Duffy ₆ , Leïla Ezzat ₇ , Sarah Gignoux-Wolfsohn ₈ , Edward Allen Herre ₁ , Jonathan Z Kaye ₉ , David I Kline ₁ , Jordan G Kueneman ₁ , Melissa K McCormick ₈ , W Owen McMillan ₁ , Aaron O'Dea _{1,

10} , Tiago J Pereira ₄ , Jillian M Petersen ₁₁ , Daniel F Petticord ₁ , Mark E Torchin ₁ , Rebecca Vega Thurber ₁₂ , Elin Videvall _{13,

14} , William T Wcislo ₁ , Benedict Yuen ₁₁ , Jonathan A Eisen _{2,

15,

16}

Affiliation

Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama.
UC Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.
Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Department of Marine Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.
Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, United States of America.
Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America.
Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, United States of America.
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Palo Alto, California, United States of America.
Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America.
Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States of America.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America.
Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.

Marine multicellular organisms host a diverse collection of bacteria, archaea, microbial eukaryotes, and viruses that form their microbiome. Such host-associated microbes can significantly influence the host's physiological capacities; however, the identity and functional role(s) of key members of the microbiome ("core microbiome") in most marine hosts coexisting in natural settings remain obscure. Also unclear is how dynamic interactions between hosts and the immense standing pool of microbial genetic variation will affect marine ecosystems' capacity to adjust to environmental changes. Here, we argue that significantly advancing our understanding of how host-associated microbes shape marine hosts' plastic and adaptive responses to environmental change requires (i) recognizing that individual host-microbe systems do not exist in an ecological or evolutionary vacuum and (ii) expanding the field toward long-term, multidisciplinary research on entire communities of hosts and microbes. Natural experiments, such as time-calibrated geological events associated with well-characterized environmental gradients, provide unique ecological and evolutionary contexts to address this challenge. We focus here particularly on mutualistic interactions between hosts and microbes, but note that many of the same lessons and approaches would apply to other types of interactions.

更新日期：2021-08-19

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