The greenhouse gas emissions caused by human activities determined an increase of global mean temperature during last decade. The growing heating, cooling, ventilation and refrigeration demands for residential, commercial and industrial sectors represent the major contributor to environmental emissions. The environmental analysis represents a good strategy for evaluation, comparison and selection of energy supply system on the basis of users’ demands. The global warming potential of energy conversion devices is usually analysed by considering energy consumption, indirect and direct greenhouse gas emissions caused by refrigerants leakages through the well-known Total Equivalent Warming Impact index, TEWI. In this paper a detailed and extended version of TEWI index, Expanded Total Equivalent Warming Impact (ETEWI) parameter is proposed to calculate CO₂ equivalent emissions from direct and indirect contributions in the HVAC&R sectors. The standard TEWI index contributes are revisited to determine the emissions by an accurate evaluation of direct refrigerant leakages and by detailing the indirect emissions caused by electric energy consumption . In addition, new emissions’ contributions are investigated. The novelty of this approach can be summarised in two key-points: the possibility of analysing the environmental impact of both electric and gas driven devices and the definition of an innovative environmental parameter to take into account the direct/indirect contributions of the Urban Heat Island effect and the indirect CO₂ emissions due to losses in distribution and transportation pipelines that supply natural-gas to energy conversion systems.

人类活动造成的温室气体排放决定了过去十年全球平均气温的上升。住宅、商业和工业部门不断增长的供暖、制冷、通风和制冷需求是造成环境排放的主要因素。环境分析是根据用户需求对能源供应系统进行评估、比较和选择的一种很好的策略。能量转换装置的全球变暖潜能值通常通过众所周知的总等效变暖影响指数 TEWI 来考虑能源消耗、制冷剂泄漏引起的间接和直接温室气体排放来分析。在本文中，TEWI指数的详细和扩展版本，₂ HVAC&R 部门直接和间接贡献的等效排放。重新审视标准 TEWI 指数的贡献，通过对直接制冷剂泄漏的准确评估和详细说明电能消耗引起的间接排放来确定排放。此外，还调查了新排放的贡献。这种方法的新颖性可以概括为两个关键点：分析电力和燃气驱动设备的环境影响的可能性以及考虑城市热岛的直接/间接贡献的创新环境参数的定义效应和间接 CO ₂ 由于向能源转换系统供应天然气的分配和运输管道的损失而产生的排放。