Limestone and gypsum combined use in no-tillage (NT) systems can favor soil acidity correction and improve nutrient availability in-depth with positive effects on crop production. There are still doubts about the necessity to restart the NT when the soil’s natural acidity was not corrected properly. The study evaluated i) the changes in the vertical distribution of nutrients and the acidity attributes in the soil solid phase, ii) the crop yields resulting from limestone reapplication strategies, associated or not with superficial gypsum application, and iii) the need to restart the NT system, with limestone incorporation to correct the re-acidification of an Oxisol in the Cerrado biome. Six treatments were evaluated, following the NT maintenance: i) no limestone reapplication and no gypsum application (NL), ii) superficial gypsum application (NL+), iii) superficial limestone reapplication (SL), and iv) superficial limestone reapplication and superficial gypsum application (SL+); or restarting the NT: v) limestone reapplication and incorporation (IL), and vi) limestone reapplication and incorporation followed by superficial gypsum application (IL+). Seven years after the experiment implementation, the soil was sampled in eight stratified layers down to the 50 cm depth in the experimental plots and under the Cerrado natural vegetation (CNV). The chemical attributes related to soil acidity, nutrient availability, and the soybean and corn yields were evaluated. The soil under CNV has lower pH and greater aluminum saturation (Al_sat) than the NL treatment, whose natural potential acidity was corrected 36 years ago and remained without limestone reapplication for 11 years. Such results indicate that the soil re-acidification process is slow. Superficial limestone reapplication (SL and SL+) reduced soil Al_sat down to 25 cm but did not neutralize it completely. Limestone incorporation (IL and IL+) had little effect on Al_sat distribution in-depth when compared to superficial limestone application. Gypsum application increased Ca content and lead to Mg displacement in soil depth, but did not affect Al dynamics, nor the crop yields. The effects of limestone and gypsum reapplication on the soil surface under NT provided a greater nutrient accumulation in the soil superficial layer, especially Ca and Mg. Soybean showed a low but positive yield response to the limestone reapplication, regardless of the method (average yield increase of 252 kg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹), but corn yield was less affected. There is no need to incorporate the limestone neither to apply gypsum in agricultural lands that had their natural acidity corrected properly in the past.

石灰石和石膏在免耕 (NT) 系统中的结合使用可以有利于土壤酸度校正和深入提高养分利用率，对作物生产产生积极影响。当土壤的自然酸度没有得到适当的纠正时，人们仍然怀疑是否有必要重新启动 NT。该研究评估了i ) 土壤固相中养分垂直分布和酸度属性的变化，ii ) 石灰石再施用策略导致的作物产量，与表面石膏施用相关与否，以及iii ) 重新启动NT 系统，掺入石灰石以纠正 Cerrado 生物群落中 Oxisol 的重新酸化。在 NT 维持后，评估了六种治疗方法：i ) 不重新施用石灰石和不施用石膏 (NL)，ii ) 表面石膏施用 (NL+)，iii ) 表面石灰石重新施用(SL)，和iv ) 表面石灰石重新施用和表面石膏施用 (SL+)；或重新启动 NT：v ) 石灰石重新应用和掺入 (IL)，以及vi) 石灰石再施用和掺入，然后是表面石膏施用 (IL+)。实验实施七年后，在实验地块和塞拉多自然植被 (CNV) 下，对土壤进行了 8 个分层采样，深度为 50 厘米。评估了与土壤酸度、养分有效性以及大豆和玉米产量相关的化学属性。与 NL 处理相比，CNV 处理下的土壤具有更低的 pH 值和更高的铝饱和度 (Al _sat )，后者的天然潜在酸度在 36 年前得到纠正，并且 11 年没有重新施用石灰石。这样的结果表明土壤再酸化过程是缓慢的。表层石灰石再施用（SL 和 SL+）减少了土壤 Al _sat下降到 25 厘米，但没有完全中和它。与浅表石灰石应用相比，石灰石掺入（IL 和 IL+）对 Al _sat深度分布的影响很小。石膏施用增加了 Ca 含量并导致土壤深度中的 Mg 置换，但不影响 Al 动力学，也不影响作物产量。石灰石和石膏在 NT 下对土壤表层的影响提供了土壤表层更多的养分积累，尤其是 Ca 和 Mg。无论采用何种方法，大豆对石灰石再施用均表现出低但积极的产量响应（平均产量增加 252 kg ha ^-1年^-1)，但玉米产量受影响较小。既不需要掺入石灰石，也不需要在过去适当纠正其天然酸度的农田中施用石膏。