Many Staphylococcus bacteria are pathogenic and harmful to humans. Noticeably, some Staphylococcus, including vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), have become notoriously resistant to antibiotics and have spread rapidly, becoming threats to public health. Here, we designed a dual fluorescent probe scheme combining siderophores and antibiotics as the guiding units to selectively target VRSA and vancomycin-sensitive S. aureus (VSSA) in complex bacterial samples. Siderophore-mediated iron uptake is the key pathway by which S. aureus acquires iron in limited environments. Therefore, the siderophore-derivative probe could differentiate between S. aureus and other bacteria. Moreover, by fine-tuning the vancomycin-derivative probes, we could selectively target only VSSA, further differentiating VRSA and VSSA. Finally, by combining the siderophore-derivative probe and the vancomycin-derivative probe, we successfully targeted and differentiated between VRSA and VSSA in complicated bacterial mixtures.

中文翻译：

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通过双合成荧光探针选择性靶向和区分耐万古霉素金黄色葡萄球菌

许多葡萄球菌属细菌是致病的并且对人类有害。值得注意的是，一些葡萄球菌，包括耐万古霉素的金黄色葡萄球菌(VRSA)，对抗生素的耐药性已经臭名昭著，并迅速传播，成为对公众健康的威胁。在这里，我们设计了一种结合铁载体和抗生素作为指导单元的双荧光探针方案，以选择性地靶向复杂细菌样本中的VRSA 和万古霉素敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌(VSSA)。铁载体介导的铁摄取是金黄色葡萄球菌在有限环境中获取铁的关键途径。因此，铁载体衍生物探针可以区分金黄色葡萄球菌和其他细菌。此外，通过微调万古霉素衍生物探针，我们可以选择性地仅靶向 VSSA，进一步区分 VRSA 和 VSSA。最后，通过结合铁载体衍生物探针和万古霉素衍生物探针，我们成功地在复杂的细菌混合物中靶向和区分 VRSA 和 VSSA。