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Epigenetic age prediction
Aging Cell ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-20 , DOI: 10.1111/acel.13452
Daniel J Simpson 1 , Tamir Chandra 1
Affiliation  

Advanced age is the main common risk factor for cancer, cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration. Yet, more is known about the molecular basis of any of these groups of diseases than the changes that accompany ageing itself. Progress in molecular ageing research was slow because the tools predicting whether someone aged slowly or fast (biological age) were unreliable. To understand ageing as a risk factor for disease and to develop interventions, the molecular ageing field needed a quantitative measure; a clock for biological age. Over the past decade, a number of age predictors utilising DNA methylation have been developed, referred to as epigenetic clocks. While they appear to estimate biological age, it remains unclear whether the methylation changes used to train the clocks are a reflection of other underlying cellular or molecular processes, or whether methylation itself is involved in the ageing process. The precise aspects of ageing that the epigenetic clocks capture remain hidden and seem to vary between predictors. Nonetheless, the use of epigenetic clocks has opened the door towards studying biological ageing quantitatively, and new clocks and applications, such as forensics, appear frequently. In this review, we will discuss the range of epigenetic clocks available, their strengths and weaknesses, and their applicability to various scientific queries.

中文翻译:

表观遗传年龄预测

高龄是癌症、心血管疾病和神经退行性疾病的主要常见危险因素。然而,人们对这些疾病的分子基础的了解比对衰老本身的变化的了解要多。分子衰老研究进展缓慢,因为预测某人衰老缓慢或快速(生物年龄)的工具不可靠。为了了解衰老作为疾病的危险因素并制定干预措施,分子衰老领域需要定量测量。生物年龄的时钟。在过去的十年中,已经开发了许多利用 DNA 甲基化的年龄预测因子,称为表观遗传时钟。虽然它们似乎可以估计生物年龄,但目前尚不清楚用于训练时钟的甲基化变化是否反映了其他潜在的细胞或分子过程,或者甲基化本身是否参与了衰老过程。表观遗传时钟捕获的衰老的精确方面仍然是隐藏的,并且似乎在预测因素之间有所不同。尽管如此,表观遗传时钟的使用为定量研究生物衰老打开了大门,并且新的时钟和应用(例如法医学)频繁出现。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论可用的表观遗传时钟的范围、它们的优点和缺点以及它们对各种科学查询的适用性。
更新日期:2021-09-15
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