The Himalaya, a leading example of active mountains, is jointly shaped by intense tectonics, extreme climate and surface denudation. However, the causal relationship among these agents remains controversial. In this work, by an integrated analysis of bedrock channels and valley hillslopes using process-based models, we discover 3D-linear correlations in logarithmic space among precipitation-estimated stream discharge, channel gradients and valley hillslope gradients. This finding indicates that channel incision and hillslope denudation are dynamically coupled in sculpting the erosional topography in tectonically active domains of the Himalaya. The channel-hillslope coupling provides an independent approach to quantify key parameters of erosional models. Surface denudation indices simulated along streams and in drainage basins present a regular arrangement of high- and low-denudation zones across the Himalaya, which coincides well with available thermochronological and structural data and thereby supports a tectonic dominance on surface denudation rates and topography over medium-long timescale.

中文翻译：

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喜马拉雅山构造主导的地表剥蚀和地形：来自基岩通道和山谷山坡地形耦合的证据

喜马拉雅山是活跃山脉的一个典型例子，它是由强烈的构造、极端气候和地表剥蚀共同塑造的。然而，这些因素之间的因果关系仍然存在争议。在这项工作中，通过使用基于过程的模型对基岩河道和山谷山坡的综合分析，我们发现了降水估计的河流流量、河道梯度和山谷山坡梯度之间在对数空间中的 3D 线性相关性。这一发现表明，河道切口和山坡剥蚀在塑造喜马拉雅构造活动区的侵蚀地形时是动态耦合的。渠道-山坡耦合提供了一种独立的方法来量化侵蚀模型的关键参数。