This study aimed to explore the impacts of COVID-19 on car and bus usage and their relationships with land use and land price. Large-scale trip data of car and bus usage in Daejeon, South Korea, were tested. We made a trip-chain-level data set to analyze travel behavior based on activity-based travel volumes. Hexagonal cells were used to capture geographical explanatory variables, and a mixed-effect regression model was adopted to determine the impacts of COVID-19. The modeling outcomes demonstrated behavioral differences between associated with using cars and buses amid the pandemic. People responded to the pandemic by reducing their trips more intensively during the daytime and weekends. Moreover, they avoided crowded or shared spaces by reducing bus trips and trips toward commercial areas. In terms of social equity, trips of people living in wealthier areas decreased more than those of people living in lower-priced areas, especially trips by buses. The findings contribute to the previous literature by adding a fundamental reference for the different impacts of pandemics on two universal transportation modes.

本研究旨在探讨 COVID-19 对汽车和公交车使用的影响及其与土地使用和土地价格的关系。测试了韩国大田汽车和公交车使用情况的大规模出行数据。我们制作了旅行链级别的数据集，用于根据基于活动的旅行量来分析旅行行为。使用六角形单元来捕获地理解释变量，并采用混合效应回归模型来确定 COVID-19 的影响。建模结果显示了在大流行期间使用汽车和公共汽车之间的行为差​​异。人们通过减少白天和周末的出行来应对这一流行病。此外，他们通过减少公交车出行和前往商业区的出行来避免拥挤或共享的空间。在社会公平方面，生活在富裕地区的人们的出行量比生活在较低价格地区的人们的出行量减少得更多，尤其是乘坐公交车的出行量。这些发现为之前的文献做出了贡献，为流行病对两种通用交通方式的不同影响提供了基本参考。