Recent advances in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have resulted in many studies on resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in depressed patients. Previous studies have shown alterations between multiple brain areas, such as the prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and basal ganglia, but there are very few prospective studies with a longitudinal design on adolescent depression patients. We therefore investigated the change in positive rsFC in a homogeneous drug-naïve adolescent group after 12 weeks of antidepressant treatment. Functional neuroimaging data were collected and analyzed from 32 patients and 27 healthy controls. Based on previous literature, the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), insula, hippocampus, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were selected as seed regions. Seed-to-voxel analyses were performed between pre- and post-treatment states as well as between the patients and controls at baseline. The positive rsFC between the right DLPFC and the left putamen/right frontal operculum were shown to be higher in patients than in the controls. The positive rsFC between the left DLPFC and left putamen/left lingual gyrus was also higher in the patients than in the controls. The positive rsFC between the right dorsal ACC and the left precentral gyrus had reduced after the 12-week antidepressant treatment. Regions involved in the frontolimbic circuit showed changes in the positive rsFC in the depressed adolescents as compared to in the healthy controls. There were also significant changes in the positive rsFC after 12-weeks of antidepressant treatment. The involved regions were associated with emotional regulation, cognitive functioning, impulse control, and visual processing.

功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 的最新进展导致了许多关于抑郁症患者静息状态功能连接 (rsFC) 的研究。先前的研究表明，多个大脑区域之间存在改变，例如前额叶皮层、前扣带回皮层和基底神经节，但很少有针对青少年抑郁症患者进行纵向设计的前瞻性研究。因此，我们调查了 12 周抗抑郁药治疗后同质未接受药物青少年组中 rsFC 阳性的变化。收集并分析了 32 名患者和 27 名健康对照的功能性神经影像数据。根据先前的文献，选择杏仁核、前扣带回皮层 (ACC)、岛叶、海马和背外侧前额叶皮层 (DLPFC) 作为种子区域。在治疗前和治疗后状态之间以及在基线时在患者和对照之间进行种子到体素分析。右侧 DLPFC 和左侧壳核/右侧额叶鳃盖之间的阳性 rsFC 在患者中高于对照组。患者左侧 DLPFC 和左侧壳核/左侧舌回之间的阳性 rsFC 也高于对照组。12 周抗抑郁药治疗后，右侧背侧 ACC 和左侧中央前回之间的阳性 rsFC 降低。与健康对照组相比，参与额边缘回路的区域在抑郁青少年中显示出阳性 rsFC 的变化。抗抑郁药治疗 12 周后，阳性 rsFC 也有显着变化。涉及的区域与情绪调节有关，