Time difference of arrival (TDOA) and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) are widely adopted for passive bi-satellite positioning system (BPS) localization. Although TDOA/FDOA localization counter-measures have received much attention, different from existing passive localization countermeasure techniques which mainly concentrate on designing spoofing jammers. This paper proposes that the application of frequency diverse array (FDA) antenna has more advantages in achieving localization deception compared with phased array (PA) antenna. FDA uses a small frequency offset across its array elements, which makes periodical time-variance beampattern even at a fixed angle and distance. Followed by this new method, closed-form expressions for the geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) and Cramer-Rao bounds (CRB) are derived to quantitatively evaluate the localization deception performance of the FDA transmitted signals. Both numerical analysis and simulation results show that FDA indeed provides robust localization deception performance than conventional phased-array under passive bi-satellite reconnaissance.

到达时间差 (TDOA) 和到达频率差 (FDOA) 被广泛用于无源双卫星定位系统 (BPS) 定位。TDOA/FDOA定位对抗技术虽然备受关注，但不同于现有的被动定位对抗技术，主要集中在设计欺骗干扰机。本文提出，与相控阵（PA）天线相比，频率分集​​（FDA）天线的应用在实现定位欺骗方面具有更多优势。FDA 在其阵列元素上使用小的频率偏移，即使在固定的角度和距离，也可以产生周期性的时变波束图。跟着这个新方法，推导出几何精度稀释 (GDOP) 和 Cramer-Rao 界限 (CRB) 的封闭式表达式，以定量评估 FDA 传输信号的定位欺骗性能。数值分析和仿真结果都表明，在被动双星侦察下，FDA确实提供了比传统相控阵更强大的定位欺骗性能。