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Evaluation-oriented façade defects detection using rule-based deep learning method
Automation in Construction ( IF 10.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2021.103910
Jingjing Guo 1 , Qian Wang 1 , Yiting Li 2
Affiliation  

Visual evaluation of façade condition plays an important role to ensure the structural health of the whole building. To automatically achieve visual evaluation of façade condition with high accuracy, current studies have applied various machine learning and deep learning algorithms to classify, localize, and segment the defects. However, the methods in previous research mainly focused on accuracy improvement rather than providing effective evaluations of defects according to the requirement of industry standards. Therefore, this study proposes a rule-based deep learning method to achieve evaluation-oriented façade defects detection, which can be used to provide effective evaluation areas containing the necessary information (e.g., type, location, quantity, and size of façade defects) for condition evaluation. First, annotation rules for classification, segmentation, and localization are designed to instruct the manual annotation work and automatically adjust the bounding boxes into effective evaluation areas. Then, a proposal weighting rule is developed to be combined with the deep learning model during the model training process to improve the accuracy and stability of the predictions. A rectification rule is further used to adjust the raw predictions into predictions with effective evaluation areas for façade defects. Experiments conducted in this study demonstrated that using the proposed method can successfully improve the performance of façade defects detection to meet the requirement of condition evaluation. Besides, this method is tested to be adaptable to various distance settings in the requirement.



中文翻译:

使用基于规则的深度学习方法进行面向评估的外墙缺陷检测

外墙状况的视觉评估对于确保整个建筑的结构健康起着重要作用。为了自动实现对立面状况的高精度视觉评估,目前的研究已经应用各种机器学习和深度学习算法对缺陷进行分类、定位和分割。然而,以往研究中的方法主要侧重于提高准确性,而不是根据行业标准的要求提供对缺陷的有效评估。因此,本研究提出了一种基于规则的深度学习方法来实现面向评价的外墙缺陷检测,该方法可用于提供包含必要信息(如外墙缺陷的类型、位置、数量和大小)的有效评价区域。状况评估。首先,用于分类、分割和定位的注释规则旨在指导手动注释工作并自动将边界框调整为有效的评估区域。然后,在模型训练过程中开发了一个建议权重规则与深度学习模型相结合,以提高预测的准确性和稳定性。进一步使用纠正规则将原始预测调整为具有有效评估外墙缺陷区域的预测。本研究中进行的实验表明,使用所提出的方法可以成功地提高外墙缺陷检测的性能,以满足条件评估的要求。此外,该方法经测试适用于需求中的各种距离设置。和定位旨在指导手动注释工作并自动将边界框调整为有效的评估区域。然后,在模型训练过程中开发了一个建议权重规则与深度学习模型相结合,以提高预测的准确性和稳定性。进一步使用纠正规则将原始预测调整为具有有效评估外墙缺陷区域的预测。本研究中进行的实验表明,使用所提出的方法可以成功地提高外墙缺陷检测的性能,以满足条件评估的要求。此外,该方法经测试适用于需求中的各种距离设置。和定位旨在指导手动注释工作并自动将边界框调整为有效的评估区域。然后,在模型训练过程中开发了一个建议权重规则与深度学习模型相结合,以提高预测的准确性和稳定性。进一步使用纠正规则将原始预测调整为具有有效评估外墙缺陷区域的预测。本研究中进行的实验表明,使用所提出的方法可以成功地提高外墙缺陷检测的性能,以满足条件评估的要求。此外,该方法经测试适用于需求中的各种距离设置。

更新日期:2021-08-20
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