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Bridging Caste Divides: Middle-Status Ambivalence, Elite Closure, and Lower-Status Social Withdrawal
Journal of Management Studies ( IF 7.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-20 , DOI: 10.1111/joms.12763
Arjun Bhardwaj 1 , Sushanta Kumar Mishra 2 , Israr Qureshi 3 , Kunal Kamal Kumar 4 , Alison M. Konrad 5 , Marc‐David L. Seidel 6 , Babita Bhatt 3
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Network theory and research have identified the powerful dynamic of homophily whereby individuals are more likely to connect with similar rather than dissimilar others. However, less is known about when individuals might connect with dissimilar others to enhance organizational diversity benefits and mitigate social exclusion. This study builds upon prior evidence linking homophily to both elite group closure and lower-status self-segregating social withdrawal to propose a new dynamic of middle-status ambivalence toward homophily, generating a greater propensity toward diversity. Indian society offers a unique context of a legally codified, stable, three-tiered status hierarchy to test the idea that middle-status individuals will develop the most diverse networks. Using a unique longitudinal friendship network dataset, we find empirical support for our prediction, a novel contribution extending classic homophily theory. In addition, due to potent status dynamics we theorize and find that lowest-status group members initiate more ties over time but also exhibit lower tie stability and greater losses of early ties than higher-status group members, resulting in the appearance of lowest-status group homophilous withdrawal. Overall, we advance homophily theory and offer practical suggestions for organizations seeking to enhance social ties across diversity and improve the effectiveness of social inclusion policies.

中文翻译:

弥合种姓分歧:中等地位的矛盾、精英封闭和低地位的社会退缩

网络理论和研究已经确定了同质性的强大动力,即个人更有可能与相似而不是不同的其他人联系。然而,关于个人何时可以与不同的其他人联系以增强组织多样性的好处和减轻社会排斥的情况知之甚少。这项研究建立在将同质性与精英群体封闭和较低地位的自我隔离社会退缩联系起来的先前证据的基础上,提出了一种新的中等地位对同质性的矛盾心理,产生了更大的多样性倾向。印度社会提供了一个独特的背景,即法律编纂的、稳定的、三级地位等级制度,以检验中等地位个体将发展最多样化网络的想法。使用独特的纵向友谊网络数据集,我们为我们的预测找到了经验支持,这是扩展经典同质理论的新贡献。此外,由于强大的地位动态,我们从理论上发现,地位最低的群体成员随着时间的推移发起更多的联系,但也表现出比地位高的群体成员更低的关系稳定性和更大的早期关系损失,导致最低地位的出现群体同质退出。总体而言,我们推进同质理论,并为寻求加强跨多样性社会联系并提高社会包容政策有效性的组织提供实用建议。由于有效的状态动态,我们理论并发现最低地位的群体成员随着时间的推移发起更多的联系,但也表现出较低的关系稳定性和比较高地位的群体成员更大的早期联系损失,导致最低地位群体同质退出的出现. 总体而言,我们推进同质理论,并为寻求加强跨多样性社会联系并提高社会包容政策有效性的组织提供实用建议。由于有效的状态动态,我们理论并发现最低地位的群体成员随着时间的推移发起更多的联系,但也表现出较低的关系稳定性和比较高地位的群体成员更大的早期联系损失,导致最低地位群体同质退出的出现. 总体而言,我们推进同质理论,并为寻求加强跨多样性社会联系并提高社会包容政策有效性的组织提供实用建议。
更新日期:2021-08-20
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