Most of the nutrients in wastewater come from human urine and their recycling for agricultural purposes is very limited. After source separation, urine can be treated to produce various urine-based fertilizers. This study aims to characterize the nitrogen use efficiency of different urine-based fertilizers. Nine urine-based fertilizers were compared together with ammonium nitrate and cattle slurry in a greenhouse pot trial with English rye-grass, (Lolium perenne L.). The detailed physico-chemical characteristics of the fertilizers were analyzed. The biomass production and nitrogen uptake of the plants were measured. The nitrogen use efficiency and the mineral fertilizer equivalent were determined for each fertilizer. The urine-based fertilizers were classified in four types based on their nitrogen forms (ammonia, nitrate, urea, or organic). The mineral fertilizer equivalent of most urine-based fertilizers were above 85% and even higher than 100% for nitrified concentrated and acidified stored urine. The lowest mineral fertilizer equivalent were found for fermented fresh urine and the mixture of fresh urine and woodchips but remained between 65 and 75%. In all cases, the nitrogen use efficiencies of urine-based fertilizers were higher than that of cattle slurry. The differences among the urine-based fertilizers and from the cattle slurry were attributed to the mineral nitrogen content which was much higher in urine-based fertilizers. Indeed, they contain mainly mineral nitrogen. Their content of trace element contaminants is low. Their efficiency as nitrogen fertilizers is high and close to that of mineral fertilizer. However, new valorization pathways from cities to agriculture need to be developed.

废水中的大部分营养物质来自人尿，用于农业目的的回收利用非常有限。源头分离后，可对尿液进行处理，生产各种尿基肥料。本研究旨在表征不同尿基肥料的氮利用效率。在英国黑麦草温室盆栽试验中，将九种尿液肥料与硝酸铵和牛粪进行了比较，（Lolium perenne L.）。分析了肥料的详细理化特性。测量植物的生物量产生和氮吸收。确定每种肥料的氮利用效率和矿物肥料当量。尿基肥料根据其氮形式（氨、硝酸盐、尿素或有机物）分为四种类型。大多数尿基肥料的矿物肥料当量在85%以上，硝化浓缩和酸化储存尿的矿物肥料当量甚至高于100%。发酵的新鲜尿液以及新鲜尿液和木片的混合物的矿物肥料当量最低，但仍保持在 65% 至 75% 之间。在所有情况下，尿基肥料的氮利用效率均高于牛粪肥。尿基肥料和牛粪肥之间的差异归因于尿基肥料中的矿物质氮含量要高得多。事实上，它们主要含有矿物氮。它们的微量元素污染物含量很低。它们作为氮肥的效率很高，接近于矿物肥料。然而，需要开发从城市到农业的新的增值途径。