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Conservation of endo-glucanase 16 (EG16) activity across highly divergent plant lineages
Biochemical Journal ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-27 , DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210341
Hila Behar 1 , Kazune Tamura 1 , Edward R. Wagner 2 , Daniel Cosgrove 2 , Harry Brumer 1
Affiliation  

Plant cell walls are highly dynamic structures that are composed predominately of polysaccharides. As such, endogenous carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) are central to the synthesis and subsequent modification of plant cells during morphogenesis. The endo-glucanase 16 (EG16) members constitute a distinct group of plant CAZymes, angiosperm orthologs of which were recently shown to have dual β-glucan/xyloglucan hydrolase activity. Molecular phylogeny indicates that EG16 members comprise a sister clade with a deep evolutionary relationship to the widely studied apoplastic xyloglucan endo-transglycosylases/hydrolases (XTH). A cross-genome survey indicated that EG16 members occur as a single ortholog across species and are widespread in early diverging plants, including the non-vascular bryophytes, for which functional data were previously lacking. Remarkably, enzymological characterization of an EG16 ortholog from the model moss Physcomitrella patens (PpEG16) revealed that EG16 activity and sequence/structure are highly conserved across 500 million years of plant evolution, vis-à-vis orthologs from grapevine and poplar. Ex vivo biomechanical assays demonstrated that the application of EG16 gene products caused abrupt breakage of etiolated hypocotyls rather than slow extension, thereby indicating a mode-of-action distinct from endogenous expansins and microbial endo-glucanases. The biochemical data presented here will inform future genomic, genetic, and physiological studies of EG16 enzymes.

中文翻译:

高度不同的植物谱系中内切葡聚糖酶 16 (EG16) 活性的保护

植物细胞壁是高度动态的结构,主要由多糖组成。因此,内源性碳水化合物活性酶 (CAZymes) 是植物细胞在形态发生过程中合成和随后修饰的核心。内切葡聚糖酶 16 (EG16) 成员构成了一组独特的植物 CAZymes,其被子植物直向同源物最近被证明具有双重 β-葡聚糖/木葡聚糖水解酶活性。分子系统发育表明 EG16 成员包括一个姐妹进化枝,与广泛研究的质外体木葡聚糖内切转糖基酶/水解酶 (XTH) 有着深厚的进化关系。一项跨基因组调查表明,EG16 成员作为跨物种的单一直系同源物出现,并且广泛存在于早期分化植物中,包括非维管苔藓植物,此前缺乏功能数据。值得注意的是,来自模型苔藓 Physcomitrella patens (PpEG16) 的 EG16 直向同源物的酶学表征表明,EG16 活性和序列/结构在 5 亿年的植物进化中高度保守,与葡萄藤和杨树的直向同源物相比。离体生物力学分析表明,EG16 基因产物的应用导致黄化下胚轴的突然断裂而不是缓慢延伸,从而表明与内源性扩展蛋白和微生物内切葡聚糖酶不同的作用模式。此处提供的生化数据将为 EG16 酶的未来基因组、遗传和生理研究提供信息。来自模型苔藓 Physcomitrella patens (PpEG16) 的 EG16 直向同源物的酶学表征表明,与葡萄藤和杨树的直向同源物相比,EG16 活性和序列/结构在 5 亿年的植物进化过程中高度保守。离体生物力学分析表明,EG16 基因产物的应用导致黄化下胚轴的突然断裂而不是缓慢延伸,从而表明与内源性扩展蛋白和微生物内切葡聚糖酶不同的作用模式。此处提供的生化数据将为 EG16 酶的未来基因组、遗传和生理研究提供信息。来自模型苔藓 Physcomitrella patens (PpEG16) 的 EG16 直向同源物的酶学表征表明,与葡萄藤和杨树的直向同源物相比,EG16 活性和序列/结构在 5 亿年的植物进化过程中高度保守。离体生物力学分析表明,EG16 基因产物的应用导致黄化下胚轴的突然断裂而不是缓慢延伸,从而表明与内源性扩展蛋白和微生物内切葡聚糖酶不同的作用模式。此处提供的生化数据将为 EG16 酶的未来基因组、遗传和生理研究提供信息。离体生物力学分析表明,EG16 基因产物的应用导致黄化下胚轴的突然断裂而不是缓慢延伸,从而表明与内源性扩展蛋白和微生物内切葡聚糖酶不同的作用模式。此处提供的生化数据将为 EG16 酶的未来基因组、遗传和生理研究提供信息。离体生物力学分析表明,EG16 基因产物的应用导致黄化下胚轴的突然断裂而不是缓慢延伸,从而表明与内源性扩展蛋白和微生物内切葡聚糖酶不同的作用模式。此处提供的生化数据将为 EG16 酶的未来基因组、遗传和生理研究提供信息。
更新日期:2021-08-20
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