Purpose:

Although exercise medicine is recommended to counter treatment-related side-effects and improve health-related outcomes of patients affected by different cancers, no specific recommendations exist for patients with melanoma. As a result, we systematically examined the current evidence regarding the effects of physical activity and exercise on objectively-measured and patient-reported outcomes among patients with melanoma.

Methods:

Searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases. This review included published data involving physical activity or exercise and objectively-measured or patient-reported outcomes of patients with cutaneous melanoma. The quality of included studies was assessed using the McMaster University Critical Appraisal Tool for Quantitative Studies.

Results:

Six studies including 882 patients with melanoma were included. Studies presented heterogeneity of design with 2 cross-sectional surveys, 2 retrospective analyses, and 2 non-randomized intervention trials. No statistically significant change in quality of life, fatigue, physical function, cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, psychological distress, cognitive function, or treatment-related side-effects were attributable to physical activity or exercise. Importantly, physical activity or exercise during melanoma treatment or into survivorship did not adversely impact patients/survivors.

Conclusion:

In summary, physical activity or exercise did not adversely impact quality of life, objectively-measured or patient-reported outcomes in patients with melanoma. In addition, there is a paucity of quality studies examining the effects of physical activity or exercise on patients with melanoma throughout the cancer care continuum.

中文翻译：

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黑色素瘤患者治疗期间和治疗后身体活动和锻炼与健康相关结果的关联：系统评价

目的：

尽管建议使用运动医学来对抗治疗相关的副作用并改善受不同癌症影响的患者的健康相关结果，但没有针对黑色素瘤患者的具体建议。因此，我们系统地检查了有关体育活动和锻炼对黑色素瘤患者客观测量和患者报告结果的影响的当前证据。

方法：

在PubMed、CINAHL、EMBASE、SPORTDiscus和Web of Science数据库中进行了搜索。本综述包括已发表的涉及身体活动或锻炼的数据，以及皮肤黑色素瘤患者的客观测量或患者报告结果。使用麦克马斯特大学定量研究批判性评估工具评估纳入研究的质量。

结果：

六项研究包括 882 名黑色素瘤患者。研究通过 2 项横断面调查、2 项回顾性分析和 2 项非随机干预试验展示了设计的异质性。生活质量、疲劳、身体机能、心肺适能、身体成分、心理困扰、认知功能或治疗相关副作用均无统计学显着变化可归因于身体活动或锻炼。重要的是，黑色素瘤治疗期间或存活期间的体育活动或锻炼不会对患者/幸存者产生不利影响。

结论：

总之，体育活动或锻炼不会对黑色素瘤患者的生活质量、客观测量或患者报告的结果产生不利影响。此外，在整个癌症治疗过程中，很少有质量研究来检查身体活动或锻炼对黑色素瘤患者的影响。