Due to their relatively low energy density, commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have faced difficulty in meeting the increasing requirements of energy storage devices for portable electronics and electric vehicles. Lithium (Li) with a high theoretical specific capacity (3,860 mAh g^-1) and low density (0.59 g cm⁻³) is regarded as one of the best anodes for next-generation high energy density Li metal batteries, e.g., Li-S and Li-O₂ batteries. However, the safety problems induced by uncontrollable Li dendrite growth and a low Coulombic efficiency caused by an unstable solid electrolyte interphase layer, have limited their practical application. Graphene-based materials (GBMs) with a high specific surface area and controllable structures and chemical properties, have been shown to be important in solving these problems. Various protection strategies for Li metal anodes using GBMs are summarized and the design of GBMs with different roles and functions in Li metal protection is discussed. Challenges and possible solutions for the future development of GBMs used in Li metal anodes are discussed.

由于能量密度相对较低，商用锂离子电池 (LIB) 难以满足便携式电子产品和电动汽车对储能设备日益增长的需求。具有高理论比容量（3,860 mAh g ^-1）和低密度（0.59 g cm ^-3）的锂（Li）被认为是下一代高能量密度锂金属电池的最佳负极之一，例如，Li- S和Li-O ₂电池。然而，由不可控的锂枝晶生长引起的安全问题和不稳定的固体电解质界面层导致的低库仑效率限制了它们的实际应用。石墨烯基材料 (GBM) 具有高比表面积和可控的结构和化学性质，已被证明在解决这些问题方面很重要。总结了使用 GBM 对锂金属负极的各种保护策略，并讨论了在锂金属保护中具有不同作用和功能的 GBM 的设计。讨论了用于锂金属负极的 GBM 未来发展的挑战和可能的解决方案。