Obesity has been variously linked to differences in brain functional connectivity in regions associated with reward, emotional regulation and cognition, potentially revealing neural mechanisms contributing to its development and maintenance. This systematic review summarizes and critically appraises the existing literature on differences in resting state functional connectivity (Rs-FC) between overweight and individuals with obesity in relation healthy-BMI controls. Twenty-nine studies were identified and the results consistently support the hypothesis that obesity is associated with differences in Rs-FC. Specifically, obesity/overweight was consistently associated with (i) DMN hypoconnectivity and salience network hyperconnectivity; (ii) increased Rs-FC between the hypothalamus and reward, limbic and salience networks, and decreased Rs-FC between the hypothalamus and cognitive regions; (iii) increased power within regions associated with inhibition/emotional reasoning; (iv) decreased nodal efficiency, degree centrality, and global efficiency. Collectively, the results suggest obesity is associated with disrupted connectivity of brain networks responsible for cognition, reward, self-referential processing and emotional regulation.

肥胖与奖赏、情绪调节和认知相关区域的大脑功能连接差异存在多种联系，这可能揭示了有助于其发育和维持的神经机制。本系统评价总结并批判性地评估了现有文献，这些文献涉及超重和肥胖个体与健康-BMI 对照之间的静息状态功能连接 (Rs-FC) 差异。确定了 29 项研究，结果一致支持肥胖与 Rs-FC 差异相关的假设。具体来说，肥胖/超重始终与 (i) DMN 低连接性和显着性网络超连接性相关；(ii) 下丘脑和奖赏、边缘和显着网络之间的 Rs-FC 增加，下丘脑和认知区域之间的 Rs-FC 降低；(iii) 在与抑制/情绪推理相关的区域内增加力量；(iv) 降低节点效率、度中心性和全局效率。总的来说，结果表明肥胖与负责认知、奖励、自我参照处理和情绪调节的大脑网络的连接中断有关。