Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) of development projects are necessary to minimize negative impacts and maximize benefits. The objective of this paper is to determine the best strategy to mitigate the adverse effects of dam construction with Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method based on results of EIAs. For this purpose, a group of experts in various pertinent fields was formed, and according to field observations, the main criteria set for evaluating dam construction effects and improvement strategies were proposed by experts group. The main evaluation criteria are defined in terms of impacts on (1) natural resources, (2) ecosystems, (3) socio-cultural institutions, and (4) economics and their sub-criteria. The improvement alternatives are: (1) relocation of city waste disposal, (2) forestry and watershed management, (3) construction of a sewage collection network and treatment plant, and (4) controlling the use of pesticide and fertilizer in agricultural lands and optimizing their type and method of use. Each of sub-criteria were weighted with Integrated Determination of Objective Criteria Weights (IDOCRIW) and the improvement strategies are ranked using the Combined Compromise Solution (COCOSO) method. This paper’s methodology is evaluated with the Nohob Earth Dam in Qazvin province, Iran. Results show that socio-cultural criterion has the largest weight. Results of COCOSO demonstrate the alternative of relocation of city waste disposal ranks as the first priority.

开发项目的环境影响评估 (EIA) 对于最大限度地减少负面影响和最大化收益是必要的。本文的目的是根据 EIA 的结果，确定使用多标准决策 (MCDM) 方法减轻大坝建设不利影响的最佳策略。为此，成立了各相关领域的专家组，根据现场观察，专家组提出了评价大坝建设效果的主要标准和改进策略。主要评估标准根据对 (1) 自然资源、(2) 生态系统、(3) 社会文化机构和 (4) 经济及其子标准的影响进行定义。改进方案有：（1）城市垃圾处理搬迁，（2）林业和流域管理，（三）建设污水收集管网和处理厂； （四）控制农用地农药化肥使用，优化使用类型和使用方式。每个子标准都使用综合确定目标标准权重 (IDOCRIW) 进行加权，并使用组合妥协解决方案 (COCOSO) 方法对改进策略进行排名。本文的方法是通过伊朗加兹温省的 Nohob Earth Dam 进行评估的。结果表明，社会文化标准的权重最大。COCOSO 的结果表明，城市垃圾处理的搬迁替代方案是首要任务。每个子标准都使用综合确定目标标准权重 (IDOCRIW) 进行加权，并使用组合妥协解决方案 (COCOSO) 方法对改进策略进行排名。本文的方法是通过伊朗加兹温省的 Nohob Earth Dam 进行评估的。结果表明，社会文化标准的权重最大。COCOSO 的结果表明，城市垃圾处理的搬迁替代方案是首要任务。每个子标准都使用综合确定目标标准权重 (IDOCRIW) 进行加权，并使用组合妥协解决方案 (COCOSO) 方法对改进策略进行排名。本文的方法是通过伊朗加兹温省的 Nohob Earth Dam 进行评估的。结果表明，社会文化标准的权重最大。COCOSO 的结果表明，城市垃圾处理的搬迁替代方案是首要任务。