Cell therapy involves the transplantation of human cells to replace or repair the damaged tissues and modulate the mechanisms underlying disease initiation and progression in the body. Nowadays, many different types of cell-based therapy are developed and used to treat a variety of diseases. In the past decade, cell-free therapy has emerged as a novel approach in regenerative medicine after the discovery that the transplanted cells exerted their therapeutic effect mainly through the secretion of paracrine factors. More and more evidence showed that stem cell-derived secretome, i.e., growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles, can repair the injured tissues as effectively as the cells. This finding has spurred a new idea to employ secretome in regenerative medicine. Despite that, will cell-free therapy slowly replace cell therapy in the future? Or are these two modes of treatment still needed to address different diseases and conditions? This review provides an indepth discussion about the values of stem cells and secretome in regenerative medicine. In addition, the safety, efficacy, advantages, and disadvantages of using these two modes of treatment in regenerative medicine are also critically reviewed.

中文翻译：

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比较干细胞及其分泌产物在再生医学中的治疗潜力

细胞疗法涉及移植人体细胞以替换或修复受损组织并调节体内疾病发生和进展的机制。如今，许多不同类型的细胞疗法被开发出来并用于治疗多种疾病。在过去的十年中，由于发现移植细胞主要通过分泌旁分泌因子发挥治疗作用，无细胞疗法已成为再生医学的一种新方法。越来越多的证据表明，干细胞来源的分泌组，即生长因子、细胞因子和细胞外囊泡，可以像细胞一样有效地修复受损组织。这一发现激发了在再生医学中应用分泌蛋白组的新想法。尽管如此，未来无细胞疗法会慢慢取代细胞疗法吗？还是仍然需要这两种治疗方式来应对不同的疾病和状况？这篇综述深入讨论了干细胞和分泌蛋白组在再生医学中的价值。此外，还对再生医学中使用这两种治疗模式的安全性、有效性、优点和缺点进行了严格的审查。