Arctic ecosystems contain a variety of habitats that are colonized by cyanobacteria. They are of fundamental ecological importance; they contribute to both carbon and nitrogen fixation as well as frequently acting as ecosystem engineers. The exploration of cyanobacteria in the Svalbard Archipelago began in the nineteenth century. A previously published list of cyanobacteria from the Svalbard Archipelago (Skulberg in: Elvebakk and Prestrud (eds) Terrestrial and limnic algae and cyanobacteria, Norsk Polarinstitutt, Skrifer, Oslo 1996) included 89 cyanobacterial species. Since then, several articles have been written and knowledge about the diversity of cyanobacteria has increased. This study summarizes the results of the inventory of Cyanobacterial species in the Svalbard Archipelago. The cyanobacterial flora of Svalbard was analyzed based on our data and literature records. Cyanobacterial samples were studied under a light microscope. Species were identified based on morphological characteristics only. As a result of this analysis, we compiled an annotated list of the cyanobacteria of Svalbard. A total of 292 species of cyanobacteria were recorded in the archipelago. 84 of these species are reported here for the first time. This makes Svalbard's flora the richest in cyanobacteria of any area in the Eurasian Arctic. Information on the distribution, description of habitats, and substrate preferences of the cyanobacteria was included for all taxa. The composition of the Cyanobacterial flora of Svalbard was compared with the flora of other Arctic and sub-Arctic regions, revealing that the flora of Svalbard exhibited typical Arctic features. For instance, the proportions of the main Cyanobacterial orders and families are the same in Svalbard and the rest of the Eurasian Arctic. The Cyanobacterial composition in the Arctic and sub-Arctic areas conforms to the general pattern of declining species diversity with increasing latitude.

北极生态系统包含各种被蓝藻定殖的栖息地。它们具有根本的生态重要性；他们有助于固碳和固氮，并经常充当生态系统工程师。对斯瓦尔巴群岛蓝藻的探索始于 19 世纪。先前公布的斯瓦尔巴群岛蓝藻列表（Skulberg in：Elvebakk 和 Prestrud (eds) 陆地和湖泊藻类和蓝藻，Norsk Polarinstitutt，Skrifer，奥斯陆 1996）包括 89 种蓝藻。从那时起，已经写了几篇文章，并且增加了有关蓝藻多样性的知识。本研究总结了斯瓦尔巴群岛蓝藻物种清单的结果。根据我们的数据和文献记录分析了斯瓦尔巴群岛的蓝藻菌群。在光学显微镜下研究蓝细菌样品。物种的鉴定仅基于形态特征。作为这项分析的结果，我们编制了一份斯瓦尔巴特群岛蓝细菌的注释清单。该群岛共记录了 292 种蓝藻。其中 84 种是首次在此报道。这使得斯瓦尔巴群岛的植物群成为欧亚北极地区任何地区蓝藻最丰富的地区。所有分类群都包括有关蓝藻的分布、栖息地描述和底物偏好的信息。斯瓦尔巴群岛蓝藻菌群的组成与其他北极和亚北极地区的菌群进行了比较，揭示斯瓦尔巴群岛的植物群表现出典型的北极特征。例如，主要蓝藻目和科的比例在斯瓦尔巴群岛和欧亚北极其他地区是相同的。北极和亚北极地区的蓝藻组成符合物种多样性随纬度增加而下降的一般模式。