Background

Silicon (Si) is increasingly recognized as a pivotal beneficial element for plants in ecology and agricultural sciences, but soil-plant Si cycling has been considered mostly through the prism of abiotic mineral weathering, whilst numerous biological processes have been overlooked. Leveraging ecological processes that impact soil-plant Si cycling in cropping systems might improve crop Si status, but this remains hypothetical to date.

Scope

We aim to comprehensively compile information about biotic and abiotic processes driving soil-plant Si cycling, and translate their potential beneficial effects in agricultural practices. We emphasize the fundamental need to consider the effects of agricultural practices on Si mobility in soil-plant systems when striving towards sustainable agroecosystems.

Conclusions

Regarding soil abiotic factors, degree of soil weathering, mineralogy, texture and pH are key predictors of soil Si dynamics, while soil aggregation processes deserve further investigation. The biological processes associated with mycorrhizal associations, silicate-solubilizing bacteria, and soil macrofauna enhance Si mobility in soil-plant systems, while the effect of root exudates is likely, but deserves further studies. Large herbivores strongly affect soil-plant Si mobility by increasing plant-derived Si turnover rates and redistribution, thereby making integrated crop-livestock systems a promising perspective to improve crop Si status. Recycling crop residues and implementing suitable cover crops promotes Si mobility in soil-plant systems by leveraging the relatively high solubility of plant-derived Si-bearing minerals. The soil-root-microorganism interactions facilitated by cereal-legume intercropping systems also contributes to the mobility of Si in the soil-plant continuum. The capacity of certain agricultural practices to increase Si mobility in soil-plant systems stresses the need to understand complex soil-plant-animal interactions when aiming to enhance Si-based plant stress resistance in agroecosystems.

中文翻译：

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从土壤-植物-动物相互作用的角度看硅动力学：农业实践的观点

背景

硅 (Si) 越来越被认为是生态学和农业科学中植物的关键有益元素，但土壤-植物硅循环主要是通过非生物矿物风化的棱镜来考虑的，而许多生物过程却被忽视了。在种植系统中利用影响土壤-植物硅循环的生态过程可能会改善作物硅状态，但迄今为止这仍然是假设。

范围

我们的目标是全面汇编有关驱动土壤-植物硅循环的生物和非生物过程的信息，并将其在农业实践中的潜在有益影响转化为相关信息。我们强调在努力实现可持续农业生态系统时，根本需要考虑农业实践对土壤-植物系统中硅迁移率的影响。

结论

关于土壤非生物因素，土壤风化程度、矿物学、质地和 pH 值是土壤 Si 动力学的关键预测因子，而土壤团聚过程值得进一步研究。与菌根关联、硅酸盐溶解细菌和土壤大型动物群相关的生物过程增强了土壤-植物系统中硅的迁移率，而根系分泌物的影响可能存在，但值得进一步研究。大型食草动物通过增加植物来源的硅周转率和再分配，强烈影响土壤-植物硅的迁移率，从而使综合作物-牲畜系统成为改善作物硅状况的有前景的前景。通过利用植物衍生的含硅矿物质的相对较高的溶解度，回收作物残留物并实施合适的覆盖作物可促进土壤-植物系统中的硅迁移。谷物-豆科植物间作系统促进的土壤-根系-微生物相互作用也有助于 Si 在土壤-植物连续体中的迁移。某些农业实践提高土壤-植物系统中硅迁移率的能力强调了在旨在增强农业生态系统中基于硅的植物抗逆性时了解复杂的土壤-植物-动物相互作用的必要性。