First responders may be exposed to intensely traumatic incidents, with the potential to result in adverse psychological and physiological reactions. Peer support programs have been employed to mitigate these potential effects. Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) has been widely employed as a means of responding to emergency services’ stress responses. This incorporates the use of “Critical Incident Stress Debriefing” (CISD), a technique in which a facilitator helps the rescuer talk about their feelings regarding the incident. Inherent in CISD, psychological debriefing has been described as a brief crisis intervention usually administered within days of a traumatic event. Controversy has arisen over the use of psychological debriefing as a safe and effective tool for peer support. Organizations may be exposed to liability when offering “a practice that is not supported by the preponderance of the available scientific evidence.” Psychological First Aid has been described as an alternative modality, broadly endorsed by expert consensus, which can be readily learned and employed by peer support teams. “Listen, Protect, Connect” is an easy-to-remember means to summarize and approach the concept of Psychological First Aid.

急救人员可能会接触到严重的创伤事件，并有可能导致不良的心理和生理反应。同行支持计划已被用于减轻这些潜在影响。紧急事件压力管理 (CISM) 已被广泛用作应对紧急服务压力反应的一种手段。这结合了“关键事件压力汇报”(CISD) 的使用，这是一种协助者帮助救援人员谈论他们对事件的感受的技术。在 CISD 中，心理汇报被描述为一种简短的危机干预，通常在创伤事件发生后的几天内进行。使用心理汇报作为同伴支持的安全有效工具引起了争议。当提供“一种不受现有科学证据优势支持的做法”时，组织可能会承担责任。心理急救被描述为一种替代方式，得到专家共识的广泛认可，同伴支持团队可以很容易地学习和采用这种方式。“倾听、保护、联系”是一种易于记忆的方式，可以概括和接近心理急救的概念。