ABSTRACT

The current approach to retrofit has failed to deliver the promised reductions in energy use in the built environment, but it has exposed many historic buildings to maladaptation, and is threatening many more. This paper argues that the problem rests in a classic misalignment between the intentions behind retrofitting, and the means being used to assess retrofit options. Underlying issues include a poor understanding of how buildings were designed and operated before the Industrial Revolution radically changed our approaches to materials, construction, and use. This pre-carbon past still has much to teach us, with lessons that can be integrated with the best of the modern tools. But this requires careful planning for the long term, together with a much more flexible approach to modelling and assessment. This paper suggests a simple approach that might be used to unlock whole-life energy or carbon assessment, encouraging feedback and sharing of knowledge to achieve the rapid improvement needed to tackle the climate emergency.

摘要

当前的改造方法未能实现所承诺的减少建筑环境中的能源使用，但它使许多历史建筑暴露于适应不良，并威胁到更多。本文认为，问题在于改造背后的意图与用于评估改造选项的手段之间的经典错位。潜在的问题包括在工业革命从根本上改变我们的材料、建造和使用方法之前，人们对建筑物的设计和运营方式缺乏了解。这个碳前的过去仍然可以教给我们很多东西，可以将课程与最好的现代工具结合起来。但这需要长期的仔细规划，以及更灵活的建模和评估方法。