Due to discrepancies in pore structure, the productivity of shale gas reservoirs under different diagenesis stages varies greatly. This study discussed the controlling of sedimentation and diagenesis on shale pore structure in typical marine, transitional, and continental shales, respectively. Continental shale samples from the Shuinan Formation, Jiaolai Basin, transitional shale samples from the Taiyuan, Shanxi and Xiashihezi Formations, Ordos Basin, and marine shale samples from the Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin, were collected. Scanning electron microscope with argon ion polishing, high-pressure mercury injection, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption experiments were conducted to acquire pore structure parameters. And the diagenetic stage of the reservoir was classified according to thermal maturity, organic geochemical parameters, and mineral composition. Our results exhibit that continental, transitional, and marine shales are period A, period B of the middle diagenetic stage, and the late diagenetic stage, respectively. For pore structure, micropore (0–2 nm) and mesopore (2–50 nm) controlled pore volume and specific surface area of transitional and marine shales, and specific surface area of continental shale have similar results, while micropore, mesopore, and macropore (>50 nm) all have a significant proportion of pore volume in continental shale. The pore structure characteristics and controlling factors exhibit a pronounced difference in different diagenesis stages, the compaction and cementation in period A of the middle diagenesis stage is relatively weak, intergranular pore and interlayer pore of clay minerals are well preserved, and moldic pore and dissolved pore developed as well; organic matter is in high maturity in period B of the middle diagenesis stage, organic matter pore developed correspondingly, while the intergranular pore developed poorly affected by compaction, notably, the carbonate is negligible in transitional shale, and the interlayer pore of clay minerals are well preserved with weak cementation; while dissolution and metasomatism controlled the pore structure in the late diagenesis stage in marine shale, the primary pores were poorly preserved, and the organic matter pore and carbonate dissolved pore developed. Results from this work are of a specific reference for shale gas development under different diagenesis stages.

由于孔隙结构的差异，不同成岩阶段页岩气储层产能差异较大。本研究分别讨论了典型海相、过渡性和陆相页岩中沉积和成岩作用对页岩孔隙结构的控制。采集了胶莱盆地水南组陆相页岩样品，鄂尔多斯盆地山西太原组和下石河子组过渡性页岩样品，四川盆地龙马溪组海相页岩样品。进行了氩离子抛光、高压压汞和低温氮气吸附实验的扫描电子显微镜，获得了孔隙结构参数。并根据热成熟度、有机地球化学参数、和矿物成分。结果表明陆相页岩、过渡页岩和海相页岩分别为中成岩阶段A期、B期和晚期成岩期。对于孔隙结构，过渡页岩和海相页岩的微孔（0-2 nm）和中孔（2-50 nm）控制孔体积和比表面积，陆相页岩的比表面积具有相似的结果，而微孔、中孔和大孔(>50 nm) 在陆相页岩中都具有显着比例的孔隙体积。不同成岩阶段孔隙结构特征及控制因素存在显着差异，中成岩阶段A期压实胶结作用较弱，粘土矿物粒间孔和层间孔保存较好，铸模孔和溶孔也发育；中成岩 B 期有机质成熟度较高，有机质孔隙相应发育，而粒间孔隙受压实作用发育较差，尤其是过渡页岩中碳酸盐岩可忽略不计，黏土矿物层间孔隙发育良好以弱胶结保存；海相页岩晚期成岩阶段溶蚀和交代作用控制了孔隙结构，原生孔隙保存较差，有机质孔隙和碳酸盐溶蚀孔隙发育。研究结果对不同成岩阶段页岩气的开发具有一定的参考价值。有机质孔隙相应发育，而粒间孔隙受压实作用发育较差，尤其是过渡页岩中碳酸盐岩可忽略不计，粘土矿物层间孔隙保存较好，胶结作用较弱；海相页岩晚期成岩阶段溶蚀和交代作用控制了孔隙结构，原生孔隙保存较差，有机质孔隙和碳酸盐溶蚀孔隙发育。研究结果对不同成岩阶段页岩气的开发具有一定的参考价值。有机质孔隙相应发育，粒间孔隙受压实作用发育较差，尤其是过渡页岩中碳酸盐岩可忽略不计，黏土矿物层间孔隙保存较好，胶结作用较弱；海相页岩晚成岩阶段溶蚀和交代作用控制了孔隙结构，原生孔隙保存较差，有机质孔隙和碳酸盐岩溶蚀孔隙发育。研究结果对不同成岩阶段页岩气的开发具有一定的参考价值。海相页岩晚成岩阶段溶蚀和交代作用控制了孔隙结构，原生孔隙保存较差，有机质孔隙和碳酸盐岩溶蚀孔隙发育。研究结果对不同成岩阶段页岩气的开发具有一定的参考价值。海相页岩晚期成岩阶段溶蚀和交代作用控制了孔隙结构，原生孔隙保存较差，有机质孔隙和碳酸盐溶蚀孔隙发育。研究结果对不同成岩阶段页岩气的开发具有一定的参考价值。