Nanopores have become a popular single-molecule manipulation and detection technology. In this paper, we have constructed a continuum model of the nanopore; the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method is used to describe the motion of particles and fluid. The mathematical model couples the stress-strain equation for the dynamics of a deformable particle, the Poisson equation for the electric field, the Navier-Stokes equations for the flow field, and the Nernst-Planck equations for ionic transport. Based on the model, the mechanism of field-effect regulation of particles passing through a nanopore is investigated. The results show that the transport of particles which is controlled by the field effect depends on the electroosmotic flow (EOF) generated by the gate electrode in the nanopore and the electrostatic interaction between the nanopore and particles. That also explains the asymmetry of particle transport velocity in the nanopore with a gate electrode. When the gate potential is negative, or the gate electrode length is small, the maximum deformation of the particles is increased. The field-effect regulation in the nanopore provides an active and compatible method for nanopore detection, and provides a convenient method for the active control of the particle deformation in the nanopore.

中文翻译：

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由纳米孔中的场效应控制的可变形纳米粒子的电动易位

纳米孔已成为一种流行的单分子操作和检测技术。在本文中，我们构建了纳米孔的连续体模型；任意拉格朗日-欧拉 (ALE) 方法用于描述粒子和流体的运动。该数学模型将可变形粒子动力学的应力-应变方程、电场的 Poisson 方程、流场的 Navier-Stokes 方程和离子传输的 Nernst-Planck 方程耦合在一起。基于该模型，研究了粒子通过纳米孔的场效应调控机制。结果表明，受场效应控制的颗粒传输取决于纳米孔中栅电极产生的电渗流（EOF）以及纳米孔与颗粒之间的静电相互作用。这也解释了带有栅电极的纳米孔中粒子传输速度的不对称性。当栅电位为负或栅电极长度较小时，颗粒的最大变形量增加。纳米孔内的场效应调控为纳米孔检测提供了一种主动兼容的方法，为主动控制纳米孔内的颗粒变形提供了一种便捷的方法。或者栅电极长度小，颗粒的最大变形增加。纳米孔内的场效应调控为纳米孔检测提供了一种主动兼容的方法，为主动控制纳米孔内的颗粒变形提供了一种便捷的方法。或者栅电极长度小，颗粒的最大变形增加。纳米孔内的场效应调控为纳米孔检测提供了一种主动兼容的方法，为主动控制纳米孔内的颗粒变形提供了一种便捷的方法。