This paper conducts a meta-analytical review to examine the impact of internationalization on innovation, with particular attention to the role of research design factors that may confound causal inferences. The existing literature is examined (1) to determine the average effect of internationalization on innovation and (2) to assess how variations in key aspects of research design has affected results. Analysis of 99 studies reveals that the effects of internationalization on innovation are diverse but are generally positive, albeit the effect sizes are mostly small to moderate. The inferred magnitude of such effects is influenced by research design factors and that country-context matters. The results suggest that internationalization measurements, data characteristics and statistical artifacts affect the variations in effect sizes. We conclude with a discussion of opportunities and challenges in future research on the internationalization-innovation nexus.

本文进行了元分析审查，以检验国际化对创新的影响，特别关注可能混淆因果推断的研究设计因素的作用。检查现有文献 (1) 以确定国际化对创新的平均影响和 (2) 评估研究设计关键方面的变化如何影响结果。对 99 项研究的分析表明，国际化对创新的影响是多种多样的，但总体上是积极的，尽管影响大小大多是小到中等。这种影响的推断幅度受研究设计因素的影响，而且国家背景很重要。结果表明，国际化测量、数据特征和统计工件会影响效果大小的变化。