Canine circovirus is a deadly pathogen of dogs and causes vasculitis and hemorrhagic enteritis. It causes lethal gastroenteritis in pigs, fox, and dogs. Canine circovirus genome contains two main (and opposite) transcription units which encode two open reading frames (ORFs), a replicase-associated protein (Rep) and the capsid (Cap) protein. The replicase protein and capsid protein consist of 303 amino acids and 270 amino acids respectively. Several immuno-informatics methods such as epitope screening, molecular docking, and molecular-dynamics simulations were used to craft peptide-based vaccine construct against canine circovirus. The vaccine construct was designed by joining the selected epitopes with adjuvants by suitable linker. The cloning and expression of the vaccine construct was also performed using in silico methods. Screening of epitopes was conducted by NetMHC server that uses ANN (Artificial neural networking) algorithm. These methods are fast and cost-effective for screening epitopes that can interact with dog leukocyte antigens (DLA) and initiate an immune response. Overall, 5 epitopes, YQHLPPFRF, YIRAKWINW, ALYRRLTLI, HLQGFVNLK, and GTMNFVARR, were selected and used to design a vaccine construct. The molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies show that these epitopes can bind with DLA molecules with stability. The codon adaptation and in silico cloning studies show that the vaccine can be expressed by Escherichia coli K12 strain. The results suggest that the vaccine construct can be useful in preventing the dogs from canine circovirus infections. However, the results need further validation by performing other in vitro and in vivo experiments.

中文翻译：

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一项免疫信息学研究：设计针对犬圆环病毒的多价 T 细胞表位疫苗

犬圆环病毒是犬的致命病原体，可引起血管炎和出血性肠炎。它会导致猪、狐狸和狗的致命胃肠炎。犬圆环病毒基因组包含两个主要（和相反）转录单位，它们编码两个开放阅读框 (ORF)、复制酶相关蛋白 (Rep) 和衣壳 (Cap) 蛋白。复制酶蛋白和衣壳蛋白分别由 303 个氨基酸和 270 个氨基酸组成。几种免疫信息学方法，例如表位筛选、分子对接和分子动力学模拟，被用于制作基于肽的针对犬圆环病毒的疫苗构建体。通过合适的接头将选定的表位与佐剂连接来设计疫苗构建体。疫苗构建体的克隆和表达也使用计算机方法进行。表位的筛选由使用 ANN（人工神经网络）算法的 NetMHC 服务器进行。这些方法用于筛选可与狗白细胞抗原 (DLA) 相互作用并引发免疫反应的表位既快速又具有成本效益。总的来说，选择了 5 个表位，YQHLPPFRF、YIRAKWINW、ALYRRLTLI、HLQGFVNLK 和 GTMNFVARR，并用于设计疫苗构建体。分子对接和分子动力学模拟研究表明，这些表位可以与DLA分子稳定结合。密码子适应和计算机克隆研究表明该疫苗可由大肠杆菌K12株表达。结果表明，疫苗构建体可用于预防狗感染犬圆环病毒。然而，