Plastic bronchitis is a rare, underdiagnosed and potentially fatal condition. It is characterised by the formation and expectoration of branching gelatinous plugs that assume the shape of the airways. These airway plugs differ from the allergic mucin that characterises allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and mucoid impaction of the bronchi. Plastic bronchitis is most often encountered in the paediatric population following corrective cardiac surgery, such as the Fontan procedure. It also occurs in adults. Plastic bronchitis in adults is rare, heterogeneous in its aetiology, and can lead to respiratory distress or even life-threatening airway obstruction. Plastic bronchitis in adulthood should not be overlooked, particularly in patients with chronic inflammatory lung diseases. This review presents current understanding of the presentation, aetiology, pathogenesis, pathology and management of plastic bronchitis in adults.

塑料性支气管炎是一种罕见的、诊断不足且可能致命的疾病。它的特征是形成和咳出呈气道形状的分支凝胶状栓塞。这些气道栓塞不同于表征过敏性支气管肺曲霉病和支气管粘液嵌塞的过敏性粘蛋白。整形性支气管炎最常发生在矫正心脏手术（如 Fontan 手术）后的儿科人群中。它也发生在成年人身上。成人塑料性支气管炎罕见，病因不一，可导致呼吸窘迫甚至危及生命的气道阻塞。成年后的塑料性支气管炎不容忽视，尤其是慢性炎症性肺病患者。这篇评论介绍了目前对演示文稿的理解，