Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) have been widely used in several fields including catalysis, bioengineering, photoelectricity, antibacterial, anticancer, and medical imaging due to their unique physical and chemical properties. In the traditional synthesis method of MNPs, toxic chemicals are generally used as reducing agents and stabilizing agents, which is fussy to operate and extremely environment unfriendly. Based on this, the development of an environment-friendly synthesis method of MNPs has recently attracted great attention. The use of plant extracts as reductants and stabilizers to synthesize MNPs has the advantages of low cost, environmental friendliness, sustainability, and ease of operation. Besides, the as-synthesized MNPs are nontoxic, more stable, and more uniform in size than the counterparts prepared by the traditional method. Thus, green preparation methods have become a research hotspot in the field of MNPs synthesis. In this review, recent advances in green synthesis of MNPs using plant extracts as reductants and stabilizers have been systematically summarized. In addition, the insights into the potential applications and future development for MNPs prepared by using plant extracts have been provided.

中文翻译：

---

植物提取物介导的金属纳米粒子合成

金属纳米粒子（MNPs）由于其独特的物理和化学性质，已广泛应用于催化、生物工程、光电、抗菌、抗癌和医学成像等多个领域。在传统的MNPs合成方法中，通常使用有毒化学品作为还原剂和稳定剂，操作繁琐，对环境极不友好。基于此，开发一种环境友好的 MNPs 合成方法最近引起了人们的极大关注。使用植物提取物作为还原剂和稳定剂合成MNPs具有成本低、环境友好、可持续性和易于操作等优点。此外，合成的 MNPs 与传统方法制备的对应物相比，无毒、更稳定、尺寸更均匀。因此，绿色制备方法已成为MNPs合成领域的研究热点。在这篇综述中，系统总结了使用植物提取物作为还原剂和稳定剂绿色合成 MNPs 的最新进展。此外，还提供了对使用植物提取物制备的 MNP 的潜在应用和未来发展的见解。