In this work, a hyperbranched polymer (PDBM) was prepared via a simple “one-pot” reaction process using diethyl bis(hydroxymethyl)malonate as the centronucleus. Its structure and thermal stability were characterized by ¹H NMR, FT-IR and TG-DTG. The factors affecting the demulsifying performance such as the dosage of demulsifier, standing time and salinity were systematically studied in diesel-in-water (O/W) emulsion at 25 ℃. After adding 100 mg/L of PDBM and standing for 60 min at 25 ℃, the light transmittance of separated water (TSW) could up to 91.4%. In addition, the properties of interface and surface, zeta potential, microscopic images and droplet size distribution provided the clues for possible demulsifying mechanism. To further exploring the mechanism, the polymer (PDM) with a similar structure was also synthesized by the same method. It showed that the hydroxyl groups at the centronucleus of PDBM played a key role in the demulsification process of the O/W emulsion.

在这项工作中，使用双（羟甲基）丙二酸二乙酯作为中心核，通过简单的“一锅”反应过程制备了超支化聚合物（PDBM）。其结构和热稳定性的特点是¹H NMR、FT-IR 和 TG-DTG。在25℃的水包柴油（O/W）乳液中系统研究了破乳剂用量、静置时间和盐度等影响破乳性能的因素。加入100 mg/L PDBM，25 ℃静置60 min后，分离出的水(TSW)透光率可达91.4%。此外，界面和表面的性质、zeta 电位、显微图像和液滴尺寸分布为可能的破乳机制提供了线索。为了进一步探索其机理，还通过相同的方法合成了具有相似结构的聚合物（PDM）。结果表明，PDBM 中心核处的羟基在 O/W 乳液的破乳过程中起关键作用。