Research on trauma- and stressor-related disorders has recently expanded to consider moral injury, or the harmful psychological impact of profound moral transgressions, betrayals, and acts of perpetration. Largely studied among military populations, this construct has rarely been empirically extended to children and adolescents despite its relevance in the early years, as well as youths’ potentially heightened susceptibility to moral injury due to ongoing moral development and limited social resources relative to adults. Application of the construct to young persons, however, requires theoretical reconceptualization from a developmental perspective. The present paper brings together theory and research on developmentally-oriented constructs involving morally injurious events, including attachment trauma, betrayal trauma, and perpetration-induced traumatic stress, and describes how they may be integrated and extended to inform a developmentally-informed model of moral injury. Features of such a model include identification of potentially morally injurious events, maladaptive developmental meaning-making processes that underlie moral injury, as well as behavioral and emotional indicators of moral injury among youth. Thus, this review summarizes the currently available developmental literatures, identifies the major implications of each to a developmentally-informed construct of moral injury, and presents a conceptual developmental model of moral injury for children and adolescents to guide future empirical research.

对创伤和压力源相关疾病的研究最近已扩展到考虑道德伤害，或深刻的道德违规、背叛和犯罪行为所造成的有害心理影响。这种结构主要在军人群体中进行研究，但很少在经验上扩展到儿童和青少年，尽管它在早年具有相关性，而且由于持续的道德发展和相对于成年人有限的社会资源，青少年可能更容易受到道德伤害。然而，将这一概念应用于年轻人需要从发展的角度进行理论重新概念化。本文汇集了涉及道德伤害事件的发展导向结构的理论和研究，包括依恋创伤、背叛创伤和犯罪引起的创伤性应激，并描述了如何整合和扩展它们，以形成一种发展知情的道德模型。受伤。这种模型的特点包括识别潜在的道德伤害事件、道德伤害背后的适应不良的发展意义制定过程，以及青少年道德伤害的行为和情感指标。因此，本综述总结了当前可用的发展文献，确定了每一篇文献对道德伤害的发展知情结构的主要影响，并提出了儿童和青少年道德伤害的概念发展模型，以指导未来的实证研究。