Cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) aims to optimise cognitive abilities of people who suffer from schizophrenia in order to improve their social adaptation. This therapeutic orientation was developed in psychiatry in the 1980s and 1990s, at a time when the disorder was being redefined as a neurocognitive deficit disorder. In this article, I describe CRT as an assemblage that lies at the intersection of multiple, overlapping theories and spaces of mental disorders and psychiatric care. To do so, I draw on 18 months of ethnographic research conducted in a French hospital unit dedicated to the development of CRT. I argue that the focus on cognitive health and cognitive abilities (or deficits) is not only redefining the logics of care and reshaping medical conceptualisations of schizophrenia, but it is also opening up to a new understanding of people’s precarious life conditions, where emotional, biological, and cognitive fragility is intertwined with social and economic uncertainty. I then examine the extent to which psychiatrists have extended the goals of CRT to include psychosocial rehabilitation in order to mitigate not only the effects of cognitive deficits, but also the effects of limited social and professional integration encountered by patients. Finally, I conclude with a consideration of how CRT has become, for its proponents in France, a means to develop a policy and organisational project for French psychiatry.

认知矫正疗法 (CRT) 旨在优化精神分裂症患者的认知能力，以提高他们的社会适应能力。这种治疗取向是在 1980 年代和 1990 年代精神病学中发展起来的，当时该障碍被重新定义为神经认知缺陷障碍。在本文中，我将 CRT 描述为一个集合，它位于精神障碍和精神病护理的多个重叠理论和空间的交叉点。为此，我利用了在法国一家致力于开发 CRT 的医院单位进行的 18 个月的民族志研究。我认为，对认知健康和认知能力（或缺陷）的关注不仅是重新定义护理逻辑和重塑精神分裂症的医学概念，但它也开启了对人们不稳定生活状况的新理解，其中情感、生物和认知的脆弱性与社会和经济的不确定性交织在一起。然后，我检查了精神科医生在多大程度上将 CRT 的目标扩展到包括心理社会康复，以不仅减轻认知缺陷的影响，而且还减轻患者遇到的有限的社会和专业融合的影响。最后，我考虑了 CRT 如何成为法国支持者为法国精神病学制定政策和组织项目的一种手段。然后，我检查了精神科医生在多大程度上将 CRT 的目标扩展到包括心理社会康复，以不仅减轻认知缺陷的影响，而且还减轻患者遇到的有限的社会和专业融合的影响。最后，我考虑了 CRT 如何成为法国支持者为法国精神病学制定政策和组织项目的一种手段。然后，我检查了精神科医生在多大程度上将 CRT 的目标扩展到包括心理社会康复，以不仅减轻认知缺陷的影响，而且还减轻患者遇到的有限的社会和专业融合的影响。最后，我考虑了 CRT 如何成为法国支持者为法国精神病学制定政策和组织项目的一种手段。