Feiduqing (FDQ) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula used for many years in the treatment of viral pneumonia (VP). However, the effective components of FDQ and the mechanism by which it affects VP remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to determine the multitarget mechanism of the effect of FDQ on VP through determination and in vivo pharmacodynamics combined with network pharmacology. Firstly, the compound–target–pathway network was constructed by using TCMSP, UniProt, GeneCards, STRING, and DAVID databases through Cytoscape 3.7.0. Secondly, the content of the effective components of the original prescription of FDQ was determined. Finally, the pharmacological activity of FDQ in vivo was verified by an animal model, and the active ingredient composition (AIC), selected by network pharmacology was used for antipyretic, antiinflammatory, antitussive, and expectorant symptoms. Seven compounds of FDQ and 22 potential target genes in the treatment of VP with FDQ were identified by network pharmacology analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis results indicated that the mechanism of FDQ in the treatment of VP was mainly related to pathways in cancer, hepatitis b, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, Chagas disease, tuberculosis, influenza A, human T-cell leukemia virus, type 1 infection, toxoplasmosis and toll-like receptor signaling pathways, osteoclast differentiation, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and leishmaniasis. The results of pharmacodynamic experiments showed that FDQ and AIC possessed antipyretic, cough relieving, and reducing sputum effects. Besides, FDQ and AIC could also significantly reduce the content of prostaglandin E₂, TNF-α, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, interleukin-1β, and myeloperoxidase in vivo, while increasing the content of interleukin-10 in vivo. The active ingredients of FDQ prescriptions could be accurately screened by network pharmacological analysis, as they clarified the mechanism of FDQ in the treatment of VP. The research results provided potential ideas and methods for the screening and purification of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions.

肺毒清（FDQ）是一种用于治疗病毒性肺炎（VP）多年的中药方剂。然而，FDQ 的有效成分及其影响 VP 的机制仍不清楚。本研究的目的是通过测定和体内药效学结合网络药理学来确定FDQ对VP影响的多靶点机制。首先，通过Cytoscape 3.7.0，使用TCMSP、UniProt、GeneCards、STRING和DAVID数据库构建化合物-靶点-通路网络。其次，测定FDQ原方有效成分的含量。最后通过动物模型验证了FDQ在体内的药理活性，通过网络药理学选择的活性成分组合物（AIC）用于解热、抗炎、镇咳、祛痰等症状。通过网络药理学分析鉴定了FDQ治疗VP的7种化合物和22个潜在靶基因。京都基因和基因组富集分析结果表明，FDQ治疗VP的机制主要与癌症、乙型肝炎、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）信号通路、恰加斯病、结核病、甲型流感、人类T细胞白血病病毒、1 型感染、弓形体病和 Toll 样受体信号通路、破骨细胞分化、非酒精性脂肪肝和利什曼病。药效学实验结果表明，FDQ和AIC具有解热、止咳、化痰作用。此外，FDQ和AIC还可以显着降低前列腺素E的含量。₂、体内TNF-α、环磷酸腺苷、IL-1β、髓过氧化物酶，同时增加体内IL-10的含量。通过网络药理分析可以准确筛选FDQ方剂的有效成分，阐明FDQ治疗VP的作用机制。研究结果为中药方剂中有效成分的筛选和纯化提供了潜在的思路和方法。