Over the past 15 years, many studies have attempted to describe the immunophenotypic traits of patients reaching spontaneous operational tolerance (SOT) after liver transplantation (LT) [reviewed in (1)]. The majority of them have been cross-sectional retrospective studies, limited by small sample sizes and by the difficulty of adequately adjusting for clinical confounders, in particular the effect of pharmacological immunosuppression. Over the same period of time, three prospective multi-center trials of immunosuppression discontinuation that included sequential protocolized liver biopsies have revealed that not all recipients who maintain stable allograft function in the absence of immunosuppression can be considered as having reached SOT (2–5).

中文翻译：

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肝移植后操作耐受性的生物标志物：我们到了吗？

在过去的 15 年中，许多研究试图描述在肝移植 (LT) 后达到自发操作耐受性 (SOT) 的患者的免疫表型特征 [综述见 (1)]。其中大部分是横断面回顾性研究，受到样本量小和难以充分调整临床混杂因素的限制，尤其是药物免疫抑制的影响。在同一时期，三项停止免疫抑制的前瞻性多中心试验（包括序贯方案化肝活检）表明，并非所有在没有免疫抑制的情况下保持稳定同种异体移植功能的受者都可以被视为已达到 SOT (2–5) .