In this study, activated carbon-supported Sn and Zn oxide catalysts were prepared from hydrolysis lignin and used for the conversion of model solutions of trioses, hexoses, and lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates to ethyl lactate. Both catalysts, SnO₂@AC and ZnO@AC, were able to produce ethyl lactate in high yields. SnO₂@AC was a more active and selective catalyst in triose (dihydroxyacetone) conversion, providing 99% yield to ethyl lactate. ZnO@AC, by contrast, was more selective in glucose and hydrolysate conversion, with a yield of 60% and 85%, respectively. The ethyl lactate yields were significantly higher than those from the optimized model solution experiments when using ZnO@AC catalyst. These findings indicate that milder acidity of the ZnO@AC catalyst together with Na⁺ and SO₄^2- in hydrolysate favored ethyl lactate production, preventing byproduct, furan derivatives and acetal, formation. Moreover, the catalysts were able to maintain their catalytic activity in recycling experiments.

在本研究中，活性炭负载的 Sn 和 Zn 氧化物催化剂由水解木质素制备，用于将丙糖、己糖和木质纤维素生物质水解物的模型溶液转化为乳酸乙酯。SnO ₂ @AC 和 ZnO@AC这两种催化剂都能够以高产率生产乳酸乙酯。SnO ₂ @AC 是丙糖（二羟基丙酮）转化中更具活性和选择性的催化剂，可提供 99% 的乳酸乙酯收率。相比之下，ZnO@AC 在葡萄糖和水解物转化方面更具选择性，产率分别为 60% 和 85%。当使用 ZnO@AC 催化剂时，乳酸乙酯的产率显着高于优化模型溶液实验的产率。这些发现表明 ZnO@AC 催化剂与 Na⁺和 SO ₄ ^2-水解产物有利于乳酸乙酯的产生，防止副产物呋喃衍生物和乙缩醛的形成。此外，催化剂能够在回收实验中保持其催化活性。