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Whole-Genome Sequencing of a 900-Year-Old Human Skeleton Supports Two Past Migration Events from the Russian Far East to Northern Japan
Genome Biology and Evolution ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-18 , DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab192
Takehiro Sato 1, 2 , Noboru Adachi 3 , Ryosuke Kimura 1 , Kazuyoshi Hosomichi 2 , Minoru Yoneda 4 , Hiroki Oota 5, 6 , Atsushi Tajima 2 , Atsushi Toyoda 7 , Hideaki Kanzawa-Kiriyama 8 , Hiromi Matsumae 9, 10 , Kae Koganebuchi 6, 11, 12 , Kentaro K Shimizu 9, 13 , Ken-Ichi Shinoda 8 , Tsunehiko Hanihara 5 , Andrzej Weber 14, 15, 16 , Hirofumi Kato 17 , Hajime Ishida 1
Affiliation  

Recent studies on paleogenomics have reported some Paleolithic and Neolithic genomes that have provided new insights into the human population history in East and Northeast Asia. However, there remain some cases where more recent migration events need to be examined to elucidate the detailed formation process of local populations. Although the area around northern Japan is one of the regions archaeologically suggested to have been affected by migration waves after the Neolithic period, the genetic source of these migrations are still unclear. Thus, genomic data from such past migrant populations would be highly informative to clarify the detailed formation process of local populations in this region. Here, we report the genome sequence of a 900-year-old adult female (NAT002) belonging to the prehistoric Okhotsk people, who have been considered to be the past migrants to northern Japan after the Neolithic period. We found a close relationship between NAT002 and modern Lower Amur populations and past admixture events between the Amur, Jomon, and Kamchatka ancestries. The admixture dating suggested migration of Amur-related ancestry at approximately 1,600 BP, which is compatible with the archaeological evidence regarding the settlement of the Okhotsk people. Our results also imply migration of Kamchatka-related ancestry at approximately 2,000 BP. In addition, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing detected the HLA-B*40 allele, which is reported to increase the risk of arthritis, suggesting the genetic vulnerability of NAT002 to hyperostosis, which was observed around her chest clavicle.

中文翻译:

900 岁人类骨骼的全基因组测序支持过去两次从俄罗斯远东到日本北部的迁移事件

最近关于古基因组学的研究报告了一些旧石器时代和新石器时代的基因组,这些基因组为东亚和东北亚的人口历史提供了新的见解。然而,仍有一些案例需要研究最近的迁移事件,以阐明当地人口的详细形成过程。虽然日本北部地区是考古学认为受新石器时代后迁徙浪潮影响的地区之一,但这些迁徙的遗传来源仍不清楚。因此,这些过去移民人口的基因组数据将提供大量信息,以阐明该地区当地人口的详细形成过程。在这里,我们报告了属于史前鄂霍次克人的 900 岁成年女性 (NAT002) 的基因组序列,他们被认为是新石器时代后向日本北部迁移的过去移民。我们发现 NAT002 与现代下阿穆尔族种群之间存在密切关系,以及过去在阿穆尔、绳纹和堪察加血统之间的混合事件。混合物测年表明与阿穆尔有关的祖先大约在 1,600 BP 迁移,这与有关鄂霍次克人定居的考古证据是一致的。我们的结果还暗示堪察加相关血统在大约 2,000 BP 时迁移。此外,人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 分型检测到 HLA-B*40 等位基因,据报道该等位基因会增加患关节炎的风险,这表明 NAT002 对骨质增生的遗传易感性,这在她的胸锁骨周围观察到。我们发现 NAT002 与现代下阿穆尔族种群之间存在密切关系,以及过去在阿穆尔、绳纹和堪察加血统之间的混合事件。混合物测年表明与阿穆尔有关的祖先大约在 1,600 BP 迁移,这与有关鄂霍次克人定居的考古证据是一致的。我们的结果还暗示堪察加相关血统在大约 2,000 BP 时迁移。此外,人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 分型检测到 HLA-B*40 等位基因,据报道该等位基因会增加患关节炎的风险,这表明 NAT002 对骨质增生的遗传易感性,这在她的胸锁骨周围观察到。我们发现 NAT002 与现代下阿穆尔族种群之间存在密切关系,以及过去在阿穆尔、绳纹和堪察加血统之间的混合事件。混合物测年表明与阿穆尔有关的祖先大约在 1,600 BP 迁移,这与有关鄂霍次克人定居的考古证据是一致的。我们的结果还暗示堪察加相关血统在大约 2,000 BP 时迁移。此外,人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 分型检测到 HLA-B*40 等位基因,据报道该等位基因会增加患关节炎的风险,这表明 NAT002 对骨质增生的遗传易感性,这在她的胸锁骨周围观察到。混合物测年表明与阿穆尔有关的祖先大约在 1,600 BP 迁移,这与有关鄂霍次克人定居的考古证据是一致的。我们的结果还暗示堪察加相关血统在大约 2,000 BP 时迁移。此外,人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 分型检测到 HLA-B*40 等位基因,据报道该等位基因会增加患关节炎的风险,这表明 NAT002 对骨质增生的遗传易感性,这在她的胸锁骨周围观察到。混合物测年表明与阿穆尔有关的祖先大约在 1,600 BP 迁移,这与有关鄂霍次克人定居的考古证据是一致的。我们的结果还暗示堪察加相关血统在大约 2,000 BP 时迁移。此外,人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 分型检测到 HLA-B*40 等位基因,据报道该等位基因会增加患关节炎的风险,这表明 NAT002 对骨质增生的遗传易感性,这在她的胸锁骨周围观察到。
更新日期:2021-08-18
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