Violence against Muslims and Dalits in India has drastically increased since the incumbent political party, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), came to power in 2014. Around 85% of perpetrators are alleged to have been associated either with the BJP or its sister Hindu organizations. In at least some cases, law enforcement agencies have been either indifferent or hostile to the victims. Such crimes may be considered as hate crimes, yet an understanding of this concept — as a tool which accounts for the criminality of individual acts while appreciating the systemic prejudices that motivate them — is lacking in Indian law. This warrants consideration of international criminal law, as a discourse which may complement and support domestic reform, since hate crimes constitute an inhumane affront to the values of dignity and liberty which underlie international core crimes. In this context, this article examines whether the elements of crimes against humanity, particular those of murder and persecution, may be applied to the recent events in India.

中文翻译：

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印度针对少数族裔的仇恨犯罪

自现任政党印度人民党 (BJP) 于 2014 年上台以来，印度针对穆斯林和达利特人的暴力行为急剧增加。据称，大约 85% 的肇事者与 BJP 或其姊妹印度教组织有关联. 至少在某些情况下，执法机构对受害者要么漠不关心，要么怀有敌意。此类犯罪可能被视为仇恨犯罪，但印度法律缺乏对这一概念的理解——作为一种工具，它解释了个人行为的犯罪性，同时欣赏激发这些行为的系统性偏见。这值得考虑将国际刑法作为一种可以补充和支持国内改革的论述，因为仇恨犯罪是对作为国际核心罪行基础的尊严和自由价值观的不人道侮辱。在此背景下，本文探讨了危害人类罪的要素，特别是谋杀和迫害的要素，是否可以适用于印度最近发生的事件。