Abstract

Quantitative characteristics of the immediate environment of ions in aqueous ZnCl₂ solutions are determined by XRD in a wide range of concentrations. In a saturated solution, the Zn²⁺ ion coordinates two water molecules at a distance of 0.208 nm. The ions form an associate containing one Cl^– ion at a distance of 0.225 nm and two Cl^– ions at a distance of 0.380 nm. As the concentration decreases, the Cl^– ions leave the associate, starting with more distant ions and proceeding with the ion of the contact ion pair. As a result, the ion pairs are destroyed and Zn²⁺ and Cl^– ions undergo independent hydration. The number of water molecules in the coordination sphere of Zn²⁺ ions increases up to six within a distance of 0.212 nm. Dilution naturally increases the number of water molecules in the anion′s hydration sphere at an average distance of 0.312 nm and in the cation′s second coordination sphere at an average distance of 0.424 nm.

中文翻译：

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根据 XRD 数据，氯化锌水溶液中离子的直接环境结构

摘要

ZnCl ₂水溶液中离子的直接环境的定量特征通过XRD在很宽的浓度范围内确定。在饱和溶液中，Zn ²⁺离子与距离为 0.208 nm 的两个水分子配位。离子形成含有一个Cl联营^-在0.225 nm和两个氯的距离离子^-离子以0.380纳米的距离。随着浓度的降低，Cl ^-离子离开缔合体，从更远的离子开始，然后是接触离子对的离子。结果，离子对被破坏，Zn ²⁺和 Cl ^–离子进行独立的水合作用。在0.212 nm 的距离内，Zn ²⁺离子配位球中的水分子数增加到 6 个。稀释自然会增加平均距离为 0.312 nm 的阴离子水合球和平均距离 0.424 nm 的阳离子第二配位球中的水分子数量。