Low impact development (LID) practices are able to mitigate the detrimental effects of urbanization and climate change due to their salient design features. LID can restore the hydrology of urban areas to the pre-development functions by using distributed stormwater control and natural hydrological features. LID can help to achieve the goal of sustainable development as it promotes effective urban stormwater management. This review covers a comprehensive list of LID practices, namely bioretention cell, green roof, infiltration trench, permeable pavement, rain barrel or cistern, rooftop disconnection and vegetative swale. For each type of the LID, the recent advances covering the aspects of principles, design, performance, advantages and disadvantages and costs are systematically reviewed. Additionally, although LID has been quite broadly applied and demonstrated success in urban stormwater management in many countries, there are still some main challenges during the implementation such as clogging and water quality. Meanwhile, this review also highlights the great opportunities for further developments for LID practices to realize their wider practical application. Finally, future research directions are provided in order to give critical insights into potential future works to advance this field of research.

由于其突出的设计特点，低影响开发 (LID) 实践能够减轻城市化和气候变化的不利影响。LID 可以利用分布式雨水控制和自然水文特征将城市地区的水文恢复到开发前的功能。LID 有助于实现可持续发展的目标，因为它促进了有效的城市雨水管理。该审查涵盖了 LID 实践的综合清单，即生物滞留单元、绿色屋顶、渗透沟、透水路面、雨桶或蓄水池、屋顶断开和植物洼地。对于每种类型的 LID，都系统地审查了最近的进展，包括原理、设计、性能、优缺点和成本等方面。此外，尽管 LID 在许多国家已得到相当广泛的应用并在城市雨水管理中取得成功，但在实施过程中仍存在一些主要挑战，例如堵塞和水质。同时，本次审查还强调了 LID 实践进一步发展以实现其更广泛的实际应用的巨大机遇。最后，提供了未来的研究方向，以便对推动这一研究领域的潜在未来工作提供重要见解。