Laser ignition has been widely studied, and is regarded as a potential initiation technique in pyrotechnics owing to its simple ignition sequence, good safety, high ignition consistency, and strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability. One of the most important requirements for the practical application of laser ignition is the reduction of ignition energy, which requires both good light absorption and good photothermal properties of energetic materials or additives in energetic materials. Therefore, in this review, the recent progress of different photothermal materials and their laser-induced performances have been summarized. First, an overview of optical ignition, especially laser ignition, including the main categories, mechanisms, advantages, and applications, was introduced. Then, different photothermal materials, including carbon-based materials, composite materials, explosives, and gaseous mixtures, were summarized, and their photothermal performances were listed and compared. Finally, the strategies and challenges of designing photothermal materials with optimized performance were discussed, which can provide suggestions for the choice of photothermal energetic materials and can provide primary guidance for the design and fabrication of the same for laser ignition applications.

激光点火已被广泛研究，由于其点火顺序简单、安全性好、点火一致性高、抗电磁干扰能力强等优点，被认为是一种潜在的烟火点火技术。激光点火实际应用的最重要要求之一是降低点火能量，这需要含能材料或含能材料中的添加剂具有良好的吸光性和良好的光热性能。因此，在这篇综述中，总结了不同光热材料及其激光诱导性能的最新进展。首先介绍了光学点火特别是激光点火的主要类别、机理、优点和应用。那么，不同的光热材料，归纳总结了碳基材料、复合材料、炸药、气体混合物等，并列出并比较了它们的光热性能。最后，讨论了设计性能优化的光热材料的策略和挑战，可为光热含能材料的选择提供建议，并为激光点火应用的光热材料的设计和制造提供主要指导。