Contemporary generative grammar assumes that syntactic structure is best described in terms of sets, and that locality conditions, as well as cross-linguistic variation, is determined at the level of designated functional heads. Syntactic operations (merge, MERGE, etc.) build a structure by deriving sets from lexical atoms and recursively (and monotonically) yielding sets of sets. Additional restrictions over the format of structural descriptions limit the number of elements involved in each operation to two at each derivational step, a head and a non-head. In this paper, we will explore an alternative direction for minimalist inquiry based on previous work, e.g., Frank (2002, 2006), albeit under novel assumptions. We propose a view of syntactic structure as a specification of relations in graphs, which correspond to the extended projection of lexical heads; these are elementary trees in Tree Adjoining Grammars. We present empirical motivation for a lexicalised approach to structure building, where the units of the grammar are elementary trees. Our proposal will be based on cross-linguistic evidence; we will consider the structure of elementary trees in Spanish, English and German. We will also explore the consequences of assuming that nodes in elementary trees are addresses for purposes of tree composition operations, substitution and adjunction.

中文翻译：

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词法局部性：词法树邻接语法中的局部域和非局部依赖

当代生成语法假定句法结构最好用集合来描述，并且局部条件以及跨语言变异是在指定的功能头级别上确定的。句法操作（merge、MERGE 等）通过从词法原子派生集合并递归（并且单调地）产生集合集合来构建结构。对结构描述格式的额外限制将每个操作中涉及的元素数量限制为每个推导步骤中的两个，一个头部和一个非头部。在本文中，我们将基于以前的工作，例如 Frank (2002, 2006)，探索极简主义探究的替代方向，尽管是在新的假设下。我们提出了一种将句法结构视为图中关系规范的观点，对应于词头的扩展投影；这些是树邻接语法中的基本树。我们提出了结构构建的词汇化方法的经验动机，其中语法的单位是基本树。我们的提议将基于跨语言证据；我们将考虑西班牙语、英语和德语中基本树的结构。我们还将探讨假设基本树中的节点是用于树组合操作、替换和附加目的的地址的后果。