Purpose: 

Current literature lacks a summary of knowledge on intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation and glaucoma in thyroid eye disease (TED). This review aims to augment existing literature by providing such a summary. It qualitatively evaluates current knowledge on the pathogenesis, prevalence, and management of concomitant ocular hypertension or glaucoma in TED patients.

Methods: 

In this narrative review, relevant publications were identified through a computerized database search. Search results were screened for relevance. Correspondence, Editorials, and Letters to the Editors were excluded. References cited within the identified articles were used to further augment the search. Information extracted for qualitative analysis included epidemiologic data, methods of IOP assessment, management protocols, and response to treatment.

Results: 

Studies in current literature are relatively heterogenous, differing in country of origin, TED cohort sizes, and IOP measurement techniques. Further studies are required to elucidate the true epidemiologic relationship between TED and ocular hypertension or glaucoma. Proposed models of IOP elevation include elevation of episcleral venous pressure, mucopolysaccharide deposition within the trabecular meshwork, restrictive myopathy, steroid-induced glaucoma, and secondary glaucoma. IOP-reducing effects of TED treatment options are discussed.

Conclusions: 

While raised IOP in TED is a common phenomenon, the diagnosis of glaucoma in TED requires a high index of suspicion before any intervention.

中文翻译：

---

甲状腺眼病中的眼压和青光眼

目的： 

目前的文献缺乏关于甲状腺眼病 (TED) 中眼压 (IOP) 升高和青光眼的知识总结。本综述旨在通过提供这样的摘要来扩充现有文献。它定性地评估了当前关于 TED 患者合并高眼压或青光眼的发病机制、患病率和管理的知识。

方法： 

在这篇叙述性综述中，通过计算机化数据库搜索确定了相关出版物。筛选搜索结果的相关性。不包括通讯、社论和致编辑的信函。已识别文章中引用的参考文献用于进一步增加搜索。为定性分析提取的信息包括流行病学数据、眼压评估方法、管理方案和对治疗的反应。

结果： 

当前文献中的研究相对异质，在原籍国、TED 队列规模和 IOP 测量技术方面存在差异。需要进一步的研究来阐明 TED 与高眼压或青光眼之间真正的流行病学关系。提出的眼压升高模型包括巩膜外静脉压力升高、小梁网内粘多糖沉积、限制性肌病、类固醇诱导的青光眼和继发性青光眼。讨论了 TED 治疗方案的眼压降低效果。

结论： 

虽然 TED 中眼压升高是一种普遍现象，但 TED 中青光眼的诊断需要在任何干预之前高度怀疑。