Induction of the antiviral innate immune response is highly regulated at the RNA level, particularly by RNA modifications. Recent discoveries have revealed how RNA modifications play key roles in cellular surveillance of nucleic acids and in controlling gene expression in response to viral infection. These modifications have emerged as being essential for a functional antiviral response and maintaining cellular homeostasis. In this review, we will highlight these and other discoveries that describe how the antiviral response is controlled by modifications to both viral and cellular RNA, focusing on how mRNA cap modifications, N6-methyladenosine, and RNA editing all contribute to coordinating an efficient response that properly controls viral infection.

中文翻译：

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RNA修饰如何调节抗病毒反应


抗病毒先天免疫反应的诱导在 RNA 水平上受到高度调节，特别是通过 RNA 修饰。最近的发现揭示了 RNA 修饰如何在核酸的细胞监视和响应病毒感染的基因表达控制中发挥关键作用。这些修饰对于功能性抗病毒反应和维持细胞稳态至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍这些和其他发现，这些发现描述了如何通过病毒和细胞 RNA 的修饰来控制抗病毒反应，重点关注 mRNA 帽修饰、N6-甲基腺苷和 RNA 编辑如何有助于协调有效的反应，正确控制病毒感染。