Concerning human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemiology, pregnant women (PW) are particularly vulnerable and severely affected. Nigeria has over 40 years of HIV epidemiology and enlightenments; to suggest control hub, we sought to know extant variables predicting HIV positivity among PW in selected towns in Osun State. Our hypothesis: none of the study PW's variables predicts HIV seropositivity. With ethics approval from UNIOSUN Health Research Ethics Committee, 900 consecutively selected consenting PW attending antenatal care (ANC) facilities in four towns (capital city inclusive) provided relevant sociodemographic/behavioral data with questionnaire forms; each participant was aseptically bled and plasma screened with the Alere Determine^® Rapid HIV-1/2 Kit. The presumptive reactive plasma samples (and some randomly selected nonreactive samples) were confirmed with Genscreen^® ULTRA HIV-1/2 P²⁴ antigen/antibody ELISA. Microsoft Excel and SPSS 16.0 were used for result analysis using t-test, CHI² test, and binary logistic regression. The PW were 15–50 years of age (n = 900; mean: 26.6 years [95% CI: 26.1–26.9 years]); they were predominantly 15–29 years (71.1%), married (90.8%), with one lifetime sexual partner (86.4%). Seropositive PW by screening and confirmatory tests were, respectively, 14 (1.6% [95% CI: 0.9–2.6%]) and 15 (1.7% [95% CI: 0.9–2.7%]). The latter were predominantly 20–30 years (80.0%), married (93.3%), with ≤ secondary school education (86.7%), reportedly never screened for HIV (60.0%), with 86.7% aware HIV is sexually transmitted. Analysis showed only ≥ three lifetime sexual partners was independently associated with HIV seropositivity (p = 0.03; odds ratio (OR) = 17.0). Although educational status was not associated with seropositivity, PW having primary school education had about 6 times higher likelihood of seropositivity (p = 0.06; OR = 5.7 [95% CI: 0.94–35.1]). Also, primigravida had about twice higher likelihood of seropositivity (p = 0.44; OR = 1.5 [95% CI: 0.54–4.17]). HIV seropositivity was relatively low and majorly predicted by ≥ three lifetime sexual partners; suggesting this as prime focus of HIV counseling among PW attending ANC in Osun State, Nigeria.

中文翻译：

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多个性伴侣作为孕妇人类免疫缺陷病毒血清阳性的主要预测因子，尼日利亚奥孙州

在人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 流行病学方面，孕妇 (PW) 尤其脆弱且受到严重影响。尼日利亚拥有 40 多年的 HIV 流行病学和启蒙经验；为了建议控制中心，我们试图了解预测奥孙州选定城镇 PW 中 HIV 阳性的现有变量。我们的假设：研究 PW 的变量都不能预测 HIV 血清学阳性。经 UNIOSUN 健康研究伦理委员会伦理批准，连续选择了 900 名同意在四个镇（包括首府城市）的产前保健 (ANC) 设施的 PW 提供了相关的社会人口/行为数据和问卷表；^{每位参与者都使用 Alere 确定®}进行无菌采血和血浆筛查快速 HIV-1/2 试剂盒。假定的反应性血浆样品（和一些随机选择的非反应性样品）通过 Genscreen ^® ULTRA HIV-1/2 P ²⁴抗原/抗体 ELISA 进行确认。Microsoft Excel 和 SPSS 16.0 用于使用t检验、CHI ²检验和二元逻辑回归进行结果分析。PW 为 15-50 岁（n = 900; 平均：26.6 岁 [95% CI：26.1–26.9 岁]）；他们主要是 15-29 岁（71.1%），已婚（90.8%），有一个终生性伴侣（86.4%）。筛查和确认试验的血清阳性 PW 分别为 14 (1.6% [95% CI: 0.9–2.6%]) 和 15 (1.7% [95% CI: 0.9–2.7%])。后者主要是 20-30 岁（80.0%）、已婚（93.3%）、≤中学教育（86.7%），据报道从未筛查过艾滋病毒（60.0%），86.7% 的人知道艾滋病毒是性传播的。分析显示，只有 ≥ 三个终生性伴侣与 HIV 血清阳性独立相关（p  = 0.03；优势比 (OR) = 17.0）。尽管教育状况与血清阳性无关，但受过小学教育的 PW 血清阳性的可能性大约高 6 倍（p = 0.06; OR = 5.7 [95% CI：0.94–35.1]）。此外，初产妇血清阳性的可能性大约高出两倍（p  = 0.44；OR = 1.5 [95% CI：0.54–4.17]）。HIV 血清阳性率相对较低，主要由 ≥ 三个终生性伴侣预测；表明这是在尼日利亚奥孙州参加 ANC 的 PW 中 HIV 咨询的主要焦点。