Airborne radar carried on board unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is serving as the harbinger of new remote sensing applications for security and rescue in inclement environments. The mobility and agility of UAVs, along with intelligent onboard sensors (cameras, acoustics, and radar), are more effective during the early stages of disaster response. The ability of radars to penetrate through objects and operate in low-visibility conditions enables the detection of occluded human subjects on and under debris when other sensing modalities fail. Recently, radars have been deployed on UAVs to measure minute human physiological parameters, such as respiratory and heart rates while sensing through clothing and building materials. Signal processing techniques are critical in enabling UAV-borne radars for human vital sign detection (VSD) in multiple operation modes. UAV radar interferometry provides valuable VSD in both hovering and flying motions. In the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) configuration, UAV-based VSD is available at a high spatial resolution. Novel radar configurations, such as in through-material sensing, UAV swarm, and tethered UAVs, are required to penetrate obstacles, facilitate multitasking, and allow for high endurance, respectively. This article provides an overview of the recent advances in UAV-borne VSD, with a focus on the deployment modes and processing methods.

中文翻译：

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使用无人机雷达进行非接触式生命体征检测：最新进展概述


无人机（UAV）上搭载的机载雷达预示着恶劣环境下安全和救援的新型遥感应用。无人机的机动性和敏捷性以及智能机载传感器（摄像头、声学和雷达）在灾难响应的早期阶段更加有效。雷达具有穿透物体并在低能见度条件下工作的能力，能够在其他传感方式失败时检测到碎片上方和下方被遮挡的人体对象。最近，雷达已被部署在无人机上，以测量微小的人体生理参数，例如呼吸和心率，同时通过衣服和建筑材料进行传感。信号处理技术对于无人机载雷达在多种操作模式下进行人体生命体征检测 (VSD) 至关重要。无人机雷达干涉测量在悬停和飞行运动中提供有价值的 VSD。在合成孔径雷达 (SAR) 配置中，基于无人机的 VSD 可提供高空间分辨率。新型雷达配置，例如穿透材料传感、无人机群和系留无人机，分别需要穿透障碍物、促进多任务处理和实现高耐久性。本文概述了无人机载VSD的最新进展，重点介绍了其部署模式和处理方法。