ABSTRACT

In this study, we assessed the effects of biochar application for five years on soil phosphorus (P) factions by chemical sequential P fractionation, phosphatase activity, and ³¹P NMR. Four treatments were included in this research: two biochar (0 and 2.63 t ha⁻¹) levels blended with two P fertilizer levels (0 and 26 kg P ha⁻¹), respectively. We found elevated levels of soil pH, total carbon (C), and total P in soil exposed to biochar. The inorganic (Ca₈ – P, Al – P, Fe – P, and Ca₁₀ – P) and organic (LOP and HROP) P fractions were all enhanced by biochar regardless of the application of P fertiliser. ³¹P NMR spectra further showed that ortho – P, monoester – P, and diester – P levels in the soil with added biochar combined with P fertiliser were 464.5 mg kg⁻¹, 74.3 mg kg⁻¹, and 13.9 mg kg⁻¹, respectively, which were the highest among all treatments. Biochar application increased alkaline phosphomonoesterase activity by 24.4–32.7% and decreased phosphodiesterase activity by 10.2–11.0%. In conclusion, biochar application significantly improves soil P fractions and regulates phosphatase activity.

摘要

^{在这项研究中，我们通过化学顺序 P 分馏、磷酸酶活性和31} P NMR评估了生物炭施用五年对土壤磷 (P) 组分的影响。本研究包括四种处理：两种生物炭（0 和 2.63 t ha ^-1）水平分别与两种磷肥水平（0 和 26 kg P ha ^-1）混合。我们发现暴露于生物炭的土壤中土壤 pH 值、总碳 (C) 和总磷水平升高。无论磷肥的应用如何，无机（Ca ₈ – P、Al – P、Fe – P 和 Ca _{10 – P）和有机（LOP 和 HROP）P 组分都被生物炭增强。}³¹P NMR 谱进一步表明，添加生物炭和磷肥的土壤中邻磷、单酯磷和双酯磷含量分别为 464.5 mg kg ^-1、74.3 mg kg ^-1和 13.9 mg kg ^-1。 ，这是所有治疗中最高的。应用生物炭可使碱性磷酸单酯酶活性提高 24.4–32.7%，并使磷酸二酯酶活性降低 10.2–11.0%。总之，生物炭的应用显着改善了土壤磷含量并调节了磷酸酶活性。