The effect of ginkgo fruit addition on methane production potential of cattle feces and slurry was assessed in relation to other fermentation products and the microbial community. Holstein cattle fresh feces and slurry were left at 30°C for 0, 30, 60, 90, and 180 days with/without ginkgo fruit to monitor the effect on fermentation potential. With the addition of ginkgo fruit, methane production potential of feces was reduced on Day 30 and thereafter, and that of slurry was consistently reduced over the experimental period. As a general trend, ginkgo fruit addition resulted in decreased acetate and increased propionate in feces and acetate accumulation in slurry. With ginkgo fruit addition, MiSeq analyses indicated decreases in methanogen (in particular Methanocorpusculum), Ruminococcaceae, and Clostridiaceae populations and increases in Bacteroidaceae and Porphyromonadaceae populations, which essentially agreed with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay results. These data indicate that direct addition of ginkgo fruit to cattle excreta is useful for reducing methane emissions by altering the microbial community structure. The application of ginkgo fruit to lower methane emissions from cattle excreta is, therefore, useful in cases in which the excreta is left without special management for a long period of time.

中文翻译：

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将银杏果添加到牛粪便和泥浆中，通过改变微生物群落结构来抑制甲烷的产生

评估了银杏果实添加对牛粪便和泥浆的甲烷生产潜力的影响，以及与其他发酵产物和微生物群落的关系。荷斯坦牛的新鲜粪便和浆液在 30°C 下放置 0、30、60、90 和 180 天，有/没有银杏果实，以监测对发酵潜力的影响。添加银杏果后，粪便的甲烷生成潜力在第 30 天及之后降低，并且在整个实验期间粪便的甲烷生成潜力持续降低。作为一般趋势，银杏果实的添加导致粪便中乙酸盐减少和丙酸盐增加以及粪便中乙酸盐积累。添加银杏果实后，MiSeq 分析表明产甲烷菌（特别是Methanocorpusculum）减少)、Ruminococcaceae 和 Clostridiaceae 种群以及类杆菌科和 Porphyromonadaceae 种群的增加，这与定量实时聚合酶链反应 (qPCR) 测定结果基本一致。这些数据表明，将银杏果直接添加到牛排泄物中有助于通过改变微生物群落结构来减少甲烷排放。因此，应用银杏果来降低牛排泄物的甲烷排放量，在排泄物长期无人管理的情况下是有用的。