1. Many shark and ray (elasmobranch) species are threatened with extinction, due to overfishing and commercial trade
2. Sarawak is situated in Malaysian Borneo in the Coral Triangle: a global priority region for elasmobranch conservation. Malaysia is the world’s eighth largest elasmobranch fishing nation, and Sarawak is one of Malaysia’s largest fishing states, yet there are limited species-specific data on catch and trade of elasmobranchs to support conservation and fisheries management decisions.
3. This study presents landing site and market survey data, collected in Sarawak from January 2017 to December 2019. Geographical, temporal and operational trends in volumes of catch and trade are explored; the total volume, value and species composition of Sarawak's local elasmobranch markets is estimated; and simple size-based indicators are used to assess the sustainability of elasmobranch utilization for several conservation-priority and frequently traded species, including Critically Endangered and CITES-listed scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) and bottlenose wedgefish (Rhynchobatus australiae).
4. The results conservatively estimate that >26,500 elasmobranchs (~90,000 kg) are locally traded in Sarawak annually, worth ~US$125,000 per year at the market level.
5. Trade is dominated by small to medium-sized coastal requiem sharks (Carcharhinidae) and stingrays (Dasyatidae), with endangered and CITES-listed species making up 26% and 32% of total landings and trade, respectively.
6. High proportions of immature individuals were recorded, with evidence of overfishing for several species, based on simple size-based indicators.
7. Several options are outlined for improving management of elasmobranch fishing and trade in the future, including spatio-temporal closures and live release protocols, which could help to reduce the mortality of critically endangered species and implement CITES. Such measures could have large conservation impacts with limited socio-economic cost, since these species make up <5% of the total value of the elasmobranch market. However, management plans need to be co-designed with full participation of affected coastal communities in order to be ethical and effective.

中文翻译：

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马来西亚沙捞越的 Elasmobranch 捕捞和贸易，对管理的影响

1. 由于过度捕捞和商业贸易，许多鲨鱼和鳐（elasmobranch）物种面临灭绝的威胁
2. 砂拉越位于马来西亚婆罗洲的珊瑚三角区：这是一个全球重点保护弹鳃类动物的地区。马来西亚是世界第八大棘鳃类捕捞国，砂拉越是马来西亚最大的渔业州之一，但用于支持保护和渔业管理决策的棘鳃类捕捞和贸易的特定物种数据有限。
3. 本研究提供了 2017 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月在砂拉越收集的登陆点和市场调查数据。探讨了捕捞量和贸易量的地理、时间和操作趋势；估计砂拉越当地弹鳃市场的总量、价值和物种组成；和简单的基于大小的指标被用来评估几种优先保护和经常交易的物种的韧带利用的可持续性，包括极度濒危和 CITES 列出的扇贝双髻鲨 ( Sphyrna lewini ) 和宽吻楔鱼 ( Rhynchobatus australiae )。
4. 结果保守估计，每年在砂拉越本地交易的 elasmobranchs（约 90,000 公斤）超过 26,500 条，在市场层面每年价值约 125,000 美元。
5. 贸易以中小型沿海安魂鲨 (Carcharhinidae) 和黄貂鱼 (Dasyatidae) 为主，濒危和 CITES 列出的物种分别占总上岸量和贸易量的 26% 和 32%。
6. 根据简单的基于大小的指标，记录了高比例的未成熟个体，有几个物种过度捕捞的证据。
7. 概述了在未来改善薄鳃亚目捕捞和贸易管理的几个选项，包括时空关闭和实时释放协议，这可能有助于降低极度濒危物种的死亡率并实施 CITES。此类措施可能会在社会经济成本有限的情况下产生巨大的保护影响，因为这些物种占 elasmobranch 市场总价值的 <5%。然而，管理计划需要在受影响的沿海社区的充分参与下共同设计，以符合道德和有效性。