Adaptive materials with tunable superhydrophobic surfaces promise to impact a range of fluid handling technologies; however, adaptive superhydrophobic materials remain difficult to fabricate, control, and switch rapidly. Here, a versatile method for generating hierarchically structured and adaptive superhydrophobic silicone films for the rational control of surface wettability and droplet adhesion is reported. Specifically, mechanical tension is utilized to manipulate networks of microcracks in nanoporous layers supported on elastomeric silicone films, enabling dynamic modulation of superhydrophobicity and droplet adhesion. The reported mechano-responsive superhydrophobic surfaces are applied to directional droplet shedding and “no-loss” droplet transport and are used to generate artificial “skins” with droplet tweezing capabilities. This approach provides materials with enhanced functionality useful to a range of emergent technologies, including adaptive textiles, biocompatible (wearable) sensors, soft robotics, anti-icing systems, “no-loss” droplet manipulators, and thermal management devices.

中文翻译：

---

通过合理操纵纳米多孔薄膜中的微裂纹网络实现机械可调的超疏水表面

具有可调超疏水表面的自适应材料有望影响一系列流体处理技术；然而，自适应超疏水材料仍然难以快速制造、控制和切换。在这里，报告了一种用于生成分层结构和自适应超疏水有机硅薄膜的通用方法，用于合理控制表面润湿性和液滴附着力。具体而言，利用机械张力来操纵支撑在弹性硅胶膜上的纳米多孔层中的微裂纹网络，从而实现超疏水性和液滴粘附的动态调节。报道的机械响应超疏水表面应用于定向液滴脱落和“无损失”液滴传输，并用于生成具有液滴镊子能力的人造“皮肤”。