Cyclic lipopeptides produced by Bacillus species exhibit interesting therapeutic potential. However, their clinical use remains limited due to their low stability, undesirable interactions with host macromolecules, and their potential toxicity to mammalian cells. The present work aims to develop suitable lipopeptide-loaded chitosan nanoparticles with improved biological properties and reduced toxicity. Surfactin and bacillomycin D lipopeptides produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B84 strain were loaded onto chitosan nanoparticles by ionotropic gelation process. Nanoformulated lipopeptides exhibit an average size of 569 nm, a zeta potential range of 38.8 mV, and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 85.58%. Treatment of Candida (C.) albicans cells with encapsulated lipopeptides induced anti-adhesive activity of 81.17% and decreased cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) by 25.53% at 2000 µg/mL. Nanoformulated lipopeptides also induced antileishmanial activity against Leishmania (L.) major promastigote and amastigote forms at respective IC50 values of 14.37 µg/mL and 22.45 µg/mL. Nanoencapsulated lipopeptides exerted low cytotoxicity towards human erythrocytes and Raw 264.7 macrophage cell line with respective HC50 and LC50 values of 770 µg/mL and 234.56 µg/mL. Nanoencapsulated lipopeptides could be used as a potential delivery system of lipopeptides to improve their anti-adhesive effect against C. albicans cells colonizing medical devices and their anti-infectious activity against leishmania.

中文翻译：

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负载脂肽的壳聚糖纳米颗粒对白色念珠菌粘附和利什曼原虫生长的影响。

由芽孢杆菌属物种产生的环状脂肽表现出有趣的治疗潜力。然而，由于它们的稳定性低、与宿主大分子的不良相互作用以及它们对哺乳动物细胞的潜在毒性，它们的临床应用仍然受到限制。目前的工作旨在开发合适的负载脂肽的壳聚糖纳米粒子，具有改善的生物学特性和降低的毒性。通过离子凝胶法将解淀粉芽孢杆菌B84菌株产生的表面活性素和杆菌霉素D脂肽负载到壳聚糖纳米颗粒上。Nanoformulated 脂肽的平均大小为 569 nm，zeta 电位范围为 38.8 mV，封装效率 (EE) 为 85.58%。用包封的脂肽处理白色念珠菌 (C.) 细胞可诱导 81 的抗粘附活性。在 2000 µg/mL 时降低 17% 并降低细胞表面疏水性 (CSH) 25.53%。Nanoformulated 脂肽还诱导抗利什曼原虫 (L.) 主要前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体形式的抗利什曼原虫活性，IC50 值分别为 14.37 µg/mL 和 22.45 µg/mL。纳米包封的脂肽对人红细胞和 Raw 264.7 巨噬细胞系具有低细胞毒性，HC50 和 LC50 值分别为 770 µg/mL 和 234.56 µg/mL。纳米包封的脂肽可用作脂肽的潜在递送系统，以提高其对定殖医疗器械的白色念珠菌细胞的抗粘附作用及其对利什曼原虫的抗感染活性。) 主要前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体形式分别为 14.37 µg/mL 和 22.45 µg/mL。纳米包封的脂肽对人红细胞和 Raw 264.7 巨噬细胞系具有低细胞毒性，HC50 和 LC50 值分别为 770 µg/mL 和 234.56 µg/mL。纳米包封的脂肽可用作脂肽的潜在递送系统，以提高其对定殖医疗器械的白色念珠菌细胞的抗粘附作用及其对利什曼原虫的抗感染活性。) 主要前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体形式分别为 14.37 µg/mL 和 22.45 µg/mL。纳米包封的脂肽对人红细胞和 Raw 264.7 巨噬细胞系具有低细胞毒性，HC50 和 LC50 值分别为 770 µg/mL 和 234.56 µg/mL。纳米包封的脂肽可用作脂肽的潜在递送系统，以提高其对定殖医疗器械的白色念珠菌细胞的抗粘附作用及其对利什曼原虫的抗感染活性。