The reproductive tract microbiota plays a crucial role in maintenance of normal pregnancy and influences reproductive outcomes. Microbe-host interactions in pregnancy remain poorly understood and their role in shaping immune modulation is still being uncovered. In this review we describe the composition of vaginal microbial communities in the reproductive tract and their association with reproductive outcomes. We also consider strategies for manipulating microbiota composition by using live biotherapeutics, selective eradication of pathogenic bacteria with antibiotics and vaginal microbiota transplantation. Finally, future developments in this field and the need for mechanistic studies to explore the functional significance of reproductive tract microbial communities are highlighted.

中文翻译：

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怀孕期间的生殖道微生物群。

生殖道微生物群在维持正常妊娠和影响生殖结果方面起着至关重要的作用。怀孕期间微生物与宿主的相互作用仍然知之甚少，它们在塑造免疫调节中的作用仍有待发现。在这篇综述中，我们描述了生殖道中阴道微生物群落的组成及其与生殖结果的关系。我们还考虑了通过使用活的生物治疗剂、用抗生素选择性根除病原菌和阴道微生物群移植来控制微生物群组成的策略。最后，强调了该领域的未来发展以及探索生殖道微生物群落功能意义的机理研究的必要性。